abstract | - Write the first section of your page here.
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- This page is intended to define the INTERSLAVIC word form for the ENGLISH word at the top of the column to the right. If the INTERSLAVC box is "blank", then a word form has not yet been selected. Immediately below the INTERSLAVIC box is a link entitled "discussion about this word" - which will link you to a "Discussion" page specifically for the WORD at point. Below the Discussion Page link, under "PRIRODNE JEZYKI" ("Natural Languages") are listed the various modern Slavic natural languages - in their respective native language forms (NOTE: some natural language may be missing) Finally, below the Natural Languages section, is the "Constructed Languages" section - "Postavjene Jezyki" - which includes "Slovio" "Novosloviensky" (NeoSlavonic) and "Slovianski". The "Slovio" project is no longer active. "Novosloviensky" and "Slovianski", on the other hand, have joined together as "INTERSLAVIC" or "MEDŽUSLOVJANSKI" - each offering a slightly different grammatical format. Here you may access and edit this information.
- Open Journal Systems. 2012. Open Journal Systems. Public Knowledge Project. (WUaS's wiki, information technologies and criteria for this - informed by the WUaS academic journal subject matter - are developing, since you can already publish your article at Academia.edu or Research Gate - - or Spire - - for example); See Library Resources below at WUaS for further resources.
- Facebook is a social networking website launched in February 2004 that is operated and privately owned by Facebook, Inc., with more than 500 million active users in July 2010, which is about one person for every fourteen in the world. Users can add people as friends and send them messages, and update their personal profiles to notify friends about themselves. Additionally, users can join networks organized by workplace, school, or college. The website's name stems from the colloquial name of books given to students at the start of the academic year by university administrations in the US with the intention of helping students to get to know each other better. Facebook allows anyone who declares themselves to be aged 13 or older to become a member of the website. Facebook was founded by Mark Zuckerberg with his college roommates and fellow computer science students Eduardo Saverin, Dustin Moskovitz and Chris Hughes. The website's membership was initially limited by the founders to Harvard students, but was expanded to other colleges in the Boston area, the Ivy League, and Stanford University. It gradually added support for students at various other universities before opening to high school students, and, finally, to anyone aged 13 and over. Facebook has met with some controversy. It has been blocked intermittently in several countries including Pakistan, Syria, the People's Republic of China, Vietnam,, Iran, and North Korea. It has also been banned at many places of work to discourage employees from wasting time using the service. Facebook's privacy has also been an issue, and the safety of their users has been compromised several times. Facebook settled a lawsuit regarding claims over source code and intellectual property. The site has also been involved in controversy over the sale of fans and friends. A January 2009 Compete.com study ranked Facebook as the most used social network by worldwide monthly active users, followed by MySpace. Entertainment Weekly put it on its end-of-the-decade 'best-of' list, saying, "How on earth did we stalk our exes, remember our co-workers' birthdays, bug our friends, and play a rousing game of Scrabulous before Facebook?" ( class=1 id=1
- Es war jedes Mal unangenehm für mich, das Büro meines Chefs zu betreten, egal wie wichtig oder kurzweilig meine flüchtigen Aufenthalte dort auch sein mögen. Draußen prasselten winzige Regentropfen auf die Erde, und färbten die Welt blau. Auch dieses Mal stieg mir der wabernde Dunst von Zigarrenqualm und modrigem Ebenholz unverzüglich in die Nase, der beißender war, als ich es in Erinnerung hatte, woraufhin ich unwillkürlich würgen musste. Selbst das Licht drang nur spärlich durch die halb geschlossenen Rollladen, als ob es sich ungern in diesem Raum befinden würde. Tropfen trafen erbarmungslos auf das Dach, und unterhalb davon konnte man das gleichmäßige, beruhigende Geräusch vernehmen. Beinahe wie eine Melodie, die als Wiegelied gedacht gewesen war. Ich fröstelte, obwohl es eher schwül und stickig war. Man konnte die schemenhaften Konturen der Staubpartikel ausmachen, welche im dumpfen Schein der Sonne durch das Zimmer schwebten, und immer von neuem aufwirbelten, wenn ich einen zaghaften Schritt nach vorne wagte. Und trotz ihrer Schönheit musste ich leider zugeben, dass ich mich ein wenig vor ihnen ekelte. Na gut, ich gebe zu, sehr vor ihnen ekelte. Einige von ihnen ließen sich sogar auf den Unterlagen nieder, nach denen ich suchte, weswegen ich resigniert seufzte, und mit einer Geste meiner Hand verscheuchte. Sie thronten auf dem verblassten Mahagoni-Schreibtisch in der Mitte des Raumes, und ihre vergilbten Seiten sträubten sich in alle Himmelsrichtungen, wie das Fell einer verschreckten Katze. Deswegen war es mir auch irgendwie zuwider, nach dem Papier zu greifen, da ich nach der gewöhnlichen Befindlichkeit eines jeden Menschens nicht dumm genug war, um mich einer fauchenden Bestie auch nur zu nähern. Der Regen blieb gleichmäßig. Meine abgehackten Atemzüge nicht. Mein Blick schweifte argwöhnisch über den Haufen scheinbar zusammenhangsloser Dokumente, und ich ließ eine Hand darüber gleiten, woraufhin sich tausende kleine graue Punkte in die Lüfte erhoben, und begannen mit einer ungewöhnlichen Grazie zu tanzen. Ich hingegen konnte nur tölpelhaft nießen, bevor ich ihr Schauspiel betrachten konnte. Wunderschön; begleitet von der sanften Melodie des zaghaft plätschernden Wassers. Und dennoch huschte ich wenige Sekunden später wie vom Teufel gejagt, aber zufrieden, und mit den Unterlagen fest gegen meine Brust gedrückt, aus dem Raum, dessen Tür danach mit einer trügerischen Endgültigkeit hinter mir zufiel. Theoretisch hätte ich mich nun wieder beruhigen können. Doch genau wie mein rasender Herzschlag, verlangsamte sich der Takt der Tropfen nicht im Geringsten. Ich öffnete das Fenster neben meinem Posten, und ließ die sanfte Brise den nachdrücklichen Geruch vertreiben, bevor ich mich niederließ, und meine Fundstücke vor mir ausbreitete. Nun konnte man viel deutlicher hören, wie der Regen über die Welt glitt, und sie scheinbar von jedem Unrecht reinwusch. Die Polsterung meines Stuhles gab leicht unter mir nach, und passte sich mir damit perfekt an. Deswegen konnte ich ja auch so lange ohne ernsthafte Rückenbeschwerden arbeiten. Lange arbeiten. Wie typisch für mich. Überstunden waren nach allgemeiner Auffassung hin ein Barbarium, und dennoch gefiel es mir, der einzige hier in den verschachtelten Räumlichkeiten der Poststelle zu sein. Sehr sogar. Denn somit gab es keinen Narren, der die empfindliche Ruhe stören konnte, oder die Melodie des Wassers verachten würde. Die Scheibe beschlug nach einer Weile. Doch schon bald bemerkte ich, dass ich vielleicht etwas zu hastig gearbeitet hatte. Statt dem Stapel an zu bezahlenden Rechnungen türmten sich auf meinem Tisch für mich weit unbedeutendere Papiere, die mit der Zeit vergilbt, und unansehnlich geworden waren. Dort befanden sich unter anderem ausgeschnittene Zeitungsartikel, mehrere Dokumente, Bausparverträge, Anklagen, Akten über Personen, Personenbeschreibungen, Familienstammbäume etc. Dazwischen noch eine Geburtsurkunde. Ich ließ sie achtlos zurück in den Haufen fallen. Eigentlich wusste ich, dass diese Dokumente nicht für meine Augen bestimmt waren, und dennoch konnte ich nicht anders, als weiter zu stöbern. So, wie es das Gesetz der Natur verlangt. So, wie es für einen Menschen typisch ist. Draußen regnete es noch immer. Und dann bemerkte ich diese Akte. Ich hatte sie achtlos zwischen Zeige- und Mittelfinger geklemmt, und war kurz davor gewesen, sie einfach zur Seite zu legen, als mein Blick an ihr hängen blieb. Es war ein langweiliger, brauner Umschlag, auf dem sich einige Flecken (Kaffe?) befanden. In verschnörkelten Lettern stand ein Name auf der Frontseite, den ich nicht so recht entziffern konnte. Er begann jedoch ohne Zweifel mit einem H. Heinrich? Henrick? Hannelore? Hassan? Herbert? Irgendetwas sagte mir, dass diese Geschichte nichts mit einem Herbert zu tun hatte. Die Schrift sah tatsächlich so aus, wie man sich Regen vorstellen würde. Fließend, unheimlich samten. Dennoch stürmisch und wild beschaffen, beinahe unzähmbar, aber nicht unbezwingbar. Vorsichtig öffnete ich den Umschlag, und ließ meine Finger das noch samtene Material liebkosten, während ich das erste betrachtete, was ich entdeckt hatte. Ein sehr kleines Blatt. Offensichtlicher Weise eine Passaufnahme, da nicht der geringste Ausdruck die Gesichtszüge der abgebildeten Person zierte. Der Schnurrbart und die Augenbrauen waren von einem buschigen schwarz. Die Augen braun. Ein farbloser Anzug und eine gepunktete Krawatte zierten ihren Träger, noch dazu trug der Mann eine Melone (=altmodischer Hut) auf dem Kopf, die ihm wohl eher weniger zum stolzen Antlitz stand. Auf dem Fensterbrett hatte sich bereits ein kleines Rinnsal gebildet. Der Regen endete nicht. Insgesamt war die Aufnahme von einer eher schlechten Qualität. Doch selbst als minderwertiges Portrait schüchterte er mich ohne Zweifel ein, und somit wagte ich es nicht, ihm zu lange in die Augen zu blicken. thumb|308px|Henry Howard Holmes Direkt darunter befand sich ein weiteres Schreiben, das sich wahrscheinlich auf den Mann auf dem Bild bezog. Dr. Henry Howard Holmes. Ich musste kichern. Seine Initialen waren drei Mal derselbe Buchstabe. H. H. H. Oder auch ausgesprochen wie: Ha ha ha. Sehr belustigend. Schnaubend steckte ich das Bild zurück, und nahm stattdessen ein anderes Dokument zur Hand, das verdächtig nach dem Rest seines Passes zumutete. Ein Tropfen flog vom Fenster her auf das vergilbte Papier, und ehrlich gesagt war ich deswegen nicht einmal wütend. Es war eher unglaublich, dass es ein simpler Wassertropfen so weit schaffen konnte. Sein bürgerlicher Name hingegen war eher amerikanisch. Herman Webster Mudgett. Kein Wunder, dass er einen anderen Namen gewählt hatte, auch wenn dieser nicht sonderlich besser war. Eigentlich verband man Holmes sofort mit seinem Namensgenossen Sherlock Holmes, und könnte in Betracht ziehen, dass auch er eine Erfindung des berühmten Autors Sir Conan Doyle sei. Doch dem war nicht so. Und das wusste ich schon von der ersten Sekunde an. Name: Dr. Henry Howard Holmes Bürgerlich: Herman Webster Mudgett Geburtsdatum: Wurde am 16. Mai 1860 in Gilmanton, New Hampshire geboren Todesdatum: Wurde am 7. Mai 1896 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania hingerichtet. Ich sog die Luft scharf ein, und hielt mir das Papier näher vor die Augen. Weiter unten, kaum lesbar unter einem gigantischem Kaffeefleck, konnte man das Wort: “mutmaßlicher Serienkiller“ erkennen. 12 Opfer erwiesen, 200 weitere vermutet. Das war wohl der Moment, an dem ich die Dokumente nicht mehr aus der Hand legen konnte, und mich mit dem kühlen Wind im Nacken über die Geschichte eines Mörders beugte. Der Regen fiel weiterhin gleichmäßig vom Himmel hinab, und die grauen Wolken jagten einander weiter. Ein Brief, verfasst in altmodischer, schnörkeliger Schrift rutschte aus dem Haufen. Clara Lovering und Herman Webster Mudgett laden Sie herzlich zu ihrer Hochzeit am ein. Sie findet am 4. Juli 1884 statt. Das Fest wird voraussichtlich in Alton, New Hamshire abgehalten. Dieser wurde gefolgt von einem kleinen Zeitungsartikelstück, das jemand definitiv schlampig ausgeschnitten hatte. Clara Lovering und Herman Webster Mudgett freuen sich die Geburt ihres Sohnes eidlich getauft, Robert Lovering Mudgett, am 3 Februrar 1889 in Loundon (nicht zu verwechseln mit London), verkünden zu dürfen. Der Sohn wurde anderen Aufzeichnungen zufolge später Verwalter in vielen unterschiedlichen Städten, und machte seinem Namen alle Ehre. Während ich so weiter stöberte, fielen die Tropfen unermüdlich weiter. Ich fand eine Zusammenfassung seines Lebenslaufes, die teilweise auf Französisch verfasst worden war. Anscheinend hatte es sich ein Amateur zur Aufgabe gemacht, das Leben dieser Person am logischsten zu verknüpfen. Ihm hatten die alten Versionen von den Profielen nicht gefallen. Mir klappte die Kinnlade leicht auf, als der Wind ein Blatt direkt auf meine Hand schob. Und das, was darauf geschrieben war, brachte mich unwillkürlich zum lachen. Myrta Belknap und Herman Webster Mudgett laden Sie herzlich zu ihrer Hochzeit im Oktober 1862 in Pennsylavania ein. Ich widmete mich abermals dem Lebenslauf. Ein Knarren hinter mir riss mich aus den interessanten Texten. Doch nach einer kurzen Weile von unbegründeter Angst stellte ich fest, dass mir der geliebte Regen mit seinen Windböen einen Streich gespielt hatte. Doch diese Frau wurde schließlich eines seiner mutmaßlichen Opfer. Man fand ihre Leiche später in einem ausgemergelten Schuppen, mitten in Minnesota, wobei ihre Gliedmaßen seltsam deformiert waren. Wie bei einer Puppe, deren Sehnen man überstrapaziert hatte. Innerhalb kurzer Zeit brachte es Holmes in Chicago zu einem beträchtlichen Vermögen, das er mit einer Mischung aus List und Mord zusammenraffte. Dank seines Charmes verstand er es, die Witwe Mrs. Holton zu umgarnen und sich den Laden ihres verstorbenen Mannes anzueignen. Mrs. Holton „verreiste“ kurz darauf nach Kalifornien; und kehrte genau wie ihre Vorgängerinnen niemals zurück. Der Autor dieser Zusammenfassung hatte sich bereits eine Meinung geprägt, und es war kein Geheimnis, dass das „mysteriös“ hier einen ironischen Beiklang haben sollte. Nun war mir das Prasseln des Regens zu viel. Das Fenster schloss sich mit einem beinahe anklagendem Klicken.. Meine Hand zitterte. Ich starrte auf die Worte, ohne sie zu verstehen, und schüttelte den Kopf energisch, um meine Gedanken zu ordnen. Stattdessen aber erinnerte ich mich an einen seltsamen Brief, den ich vor wenigen Tagen auf dem Boden liegend gefunden hatte. Natürlich hatte mich meine Neugierde dazu getrieben, ihn zu lesen, doch dort war nur ein einziger Satz verzeichnet gewesen. „Haltet mich auf, denn ich bin nicht Herr meiner Selbst.“ Das Knarren hinter mir konnte nicht mehr vom Wind stammen. Es regnete weiterhin. Es gibt auch Berichte, das Gebäude sei nicht vollständig abgebrannt und noch bis in die späten dreißiger Jahre gestanden, bis es abgerissen wurde um ein Postamt zu errichten. Heute steht an dem Platz von Holmes Hotel das Englewood Post Office (611 W 63rd St). 1895 wurde er festgenommen. Verurteilt wurde er wegen 27 Morden und sechs Mordversuchen in Chicago, Indianapolis und Toronto, die ihm nachgewiesen werden konnten. Es gibt noch viel mehr Morde, die wahrscheinlich von ihm ausgeführt worden sind, und noch viel mehr Morde, von denen es bis heute keine Beweise gibt. H. H. Holmes wurde am 7. Mai 1896 morgens um ungefähr 10 Uhr im Philadelphia County Prison am Galgen hingerichtet. Welch böse Andeutung eines Serien-Killers, die sich hier auf Papier wiederfand, und irgendwie einen kleinen Teil ihres Fluches verloren hatten. Aus irgendeinem Grund hatte ich plötzlich Gänsehaut, und die Räumlichkeiten schienen unendlich kühl zu sein. Der Regen war mittlerweile stumm, und kein Donner störte die übermächtige Ruhe. Ich fröstelte. Abermals. Mein Körper bewegte sich ohne meine Zustimmung. Er sah in dem schwindenden Licht nach hinten, und entdeckte die Gestalt, die am Boden kauerte. Die Tür des Bürös hinter ihr lag offen. Die Augen waren nur zwei schwarze Löcher, die Lippen abgetrennt, ein Lächeln eingeritzt. Hände und Füße fehlten, Haut ledrig, und abschälend. Gliedmaßen seltsam verbogen, und abstehend. Mir war so kalt. Es röchelte, als es weiter auf mich zu kroch. Ein Rauschen füllte alle meine Sinne aus, als ich beobachtete, wie es mit seinen letzten Worten immer weiter auf mich zu kroch. Die Tropfen wurden leiser. Das gleichmäßige Rauschen verebbte. Schlug mein Herz unendlich schnell, oder gar nicht? Ich war mir nicht mehr sicher. Schweiß perlte auf meiner Stirn, als ich die Kreatur betrachtete, die aussah, wie das Resultat eines schrecklichen Albtraumes. Der Schuss durchschnitt alles. Den Regen. Die Wolken. Die Stille. Draußen zwitscherten die Vögel plötzlich, und die Scheibe reflektierte den Schein der Sonne tausendhaft. Rote Sprenkel zierten die Wand, und das etwas lag nun reglos auf dem Boden – ein frisches Loch führte direkt durch seine Stirn. Die Waffe in meiner Hand rauchte noch ein wenig. Altes Modell. Gefertigt aus Edelmetallen. Ich musste dringend weiter an den Entwürfen von den Gängen arbeiten, denn sonst konnte das mit meinem Hotel nichts werden. Mudgett - oder besser gesagt - Holmes, glaubte fest an die Reinkarnation, und versuchte zu seinen Lebzeiten, sie zu beweisen.
- Table tennis depicted on a 1987 postage stamp from the DDRTable tennis has its origins in England as an after dinner amusement for upper class Victorians in the 1880s. Mimicking the game of tennis in an indoor environment, everyday objects were originally enlisted to act as the equipment. A line of books would be the net, a rounded top of a Champagne cork or knot of string as the ball, and a cigar box lid as the bat. The popularity of the game led game manufacturers to sell the equipment commercially. Early bats were often pieces of parchment stretched upon a frame, and the sound generated in play gave the game its first nicknames of "whiff whaff" and "Ping pong." A number of sources indicate that the game was first brought to the attention of Hamley's of Regent Street under the name "Gossima". The name ping pong was in wide use before English manufacturer J. Jaques & Son Ltd trademarked it in 1901. The name ping pong then came to be used for the game played by the rather expensive Jaques equipment, with other manufacturers calling theirs table tennis. A similar situation came to exist in the United States where Jaques sold the rights to the ping pong name to Parker Brothers. The term is now used as a generic name for table tennis. The next major innovation was by James Gibb, an English enthusiast of the game, who discovered novelty celluloid balls on a trip to the U.S. in 1901 and found them to be the ideal balls for the game. This was followed by E.C. Goode who in 1903 invented the modern version of the racket by fixing a sheet of pimpled, or stippled, rubber to the wooden blade. Table tennis was growing in popularity by 1901 when table tennis tournaments were being organized, books on table tennis were being written, and an unofficial world championship was held in 1902. During the early 20th century the game was banned in Russia due to the belief that was held by the rulers at the time that playing the game had an adverse effect on players' eyesight. In 1921, the Table Tennis Association was founded in England, and the International Table Tennis Federation followed in 1926. London hosted the first official world championship in 1927. Table tennis was introduced as an Olympic sport at the Olympics in 1988. In the 1950's rackets that used a rubber sheet combined with a underlaying sponge layer changed the game dramatically, introducing greater spin and speed. These were introduced to England by the sports goods manufacturers S.W. Hancock Ltd. and the Hancock bat gave Johnny Leach the edge when he became World Champion in 1949. The use of speed glue increased the spin and speed even further, resulting in changes to the equipment to "slow the game down." Toward the end of 2000, the ITTF instituted several rules changes aimed at making table tennis more viable as a televised spectator sport. First, the older 38 mm balls were officially replaced by 40 mm balls. This increased the ball's air resistance and effectively slowed down the game. By that time, players had begun increasing the thickness of the fast sponge layer on their bats, which made the game excessively fast, and difficult to watch on television. Secondly, the ITTF changed from a 21 to an 11 point scoring system. This was intended to make games more fast-paced and exciting. The ITTF also changed the rules on service to prevent a player from hiding the ball during service, in order to increase the average length of rallies and to reduce the server's advantage. Variants of the sport have emerged. "Large ball" table tennis uses a 44 mm ball which slows down the game significantly. This has seen some acceptance by players who have a hard time with the extreme spins and speeds of the 40 mm game. There is a move towards reviving the table tennis game that existed prior to the introduction of sponge rubber, Classic table tennis or "Hardbat" table tennis players reject the speed and spin of reversed sponge rubber, preferring the 1940-60s style of no-sponge, short pimpled rubber of play which makes defense less difficult by decreasing the speed and eliminating any meaningful magnus effect of spin. Because hardbat killer shots are almost impossible to hit against a skilled player, hardbat matches focus on the strategic side of table tennis, requiring skillful maneuvering of the opponent before an attack can be successful.
- Historiallinen aikajana on lyhyesti sanottuna aikakirja. Aikakirja voidaan jakaa seitsemään osaan:
* Varhais-ensimmäinen aikakausi
* Ensimmäinen aikakausi
* Toinen aikakausi
* Kolmas aikakausi
* Neljäs aikakausi
* Viides aikakausi
* Kuudes aikakausi
- This page chronicles the history of the Matrix Universe and the events that took place in it.
- In the now-legendary days of the mid-1990s, a trio of enthusiastic young comic book artists banded together to form a creative alliance the likes of which had not been seen before or since. The young artists were named Bruce Lewis, Tim Eldred, and John Ott. Their alliance was called Studio Go, and they were delighted to spend two years and a few months of their lives bringing you the Star Blazers comic book series from Argo Press, a division of Voyager Entertainment, Inc. This series was long overdue, graciously received by Star Blazers fans, and thoroughly enjoyed until it finally succumbed to the fickle whims of the American comic book market and could no longer be profitably published. We all mourn its loss, but now it belongs to the ages. Jane's All the Galaxy's Fighting Ships, 2120 edition. Jane's All the Galaxy's Mecha, 2120 edition. Modern Small Arms and Armor Vol 12, by Anthony Postert, New Monument Press, © 2120. RDF Officer's Manual, Military Publication Code 417/OM-70A, publication date, 2070. UNAF Officer's Manual, Military Publication Code 417/OM-70A, publication date, 2120. Protoculutre, A Race, A People, A Culture, by James Willette, Random House Press, © 2068. A History of the Marduk Empire, by Lord Feff Hil'thanx, New Monument Press, © 2070. The Varauta War 2064 to 2065, by Captain Hercules Johnson, Smith House Publishing, © 2067. Encyclopedia of 21st Century Galactic History, Britannica Publishing, © 2100. Malachite Cavanaugh : A Portrait of the Galactic Caesar, by Scott A. Litchfield, Random House Press, © 2120. Anyway, this article and those that will follow over the next few months aren't about the comic book or the trio that produced it. Instead, it's a look at one of the more interesting side-effects of this venture. Because the Star Blazers comic book series consisted of both adapted stories and original stories, it was decided that a detailed and integrated history should be written that would take into account all the places, people, and major events that culminate in the Star Blazers saga. The history was written by Bruce Lewis and a circle of fans called "The Iscandar Project," all of whom had a love for Star Blazers matched only by their love of exploring a good story. Their work, which will take several installments to present in full, was an attempt to create a history for Star Blazers rather than Space Battleship Yamato, and this gave everyone a freedom of expression they might not have otherwise enjoyed. As you will see, this lead to some fascinating concepts. So without further ado, BILLIONS OF YEARS AGO: A non-human intelligence evolved on a distant world. In time, this Elder Race devised the means to manipulate matter at its most basic scale, that of pure spirit, and rebuilt its homeworld (called Akwaar) into a travelling worldship in order to search the Universe for other intelligent life. Desraa and Iscandaa These beings entered our local group of galaxies and began to spread throughout the milky way and its satellites. Twin worldships were created and moved into orbit around the star Sanzar to serve as a new home for the Elder Race: Iscandaa, a world of light and life intended as a place of celebration and joy, and Desraa, a stark planet of groundquakes and emptiness intended as a place of solitary contemplation and purgatory. Equal and opposite, these two artificial planets were placed into orbit around each other as a titanic symbol of the Elder Race and its dedication to the principle of Balance in the Universe. Exploration groups were established on seven additional worldships, including the flagship Akwaar, and an intensive search for life in the local group of galaxies began.AD 2194 Captain Avatar and his squadron returned to an Earth they hardly recognized: its environment collapsing, its remaining population squeezed into the Underground Cities. Hailed as a hero, Avatar "retired" from active duty. In reality, he began forming an elite special operations group to work on a top secret task: Project ARGO. The Federal Government of Earth decided that the war was unwinnable. Earth's political leaders decided to build a special "sleeper" ship loaded with a complete DNA library of all life on Earth, and to send it into deep space to propogate on some other Earthlike world. Avatar was promoted to Fleet Captain and placed in charge of this new project. He began quietly recruiting EDF personnel of known quality and creativity to form the nucleus of this new "Star Force." His first recruits: the Nobel Prize-winning surgeon and geneticist Dr. Sakezo Sane,a nd a brilliant young woman who graduated at the top of her Academy class with dual degrees in nursing and physics: Nova Forrest. AD 2195 Desslok ordered work to begin on the ultimate weapon: the Fist of Gamilon. Two 1500-ton asteroids were mounted on a thrust frame to which an antimatter engine was attached. This assemblage was launched from deep within the Oort Cloud and, under constant acceleration, was aimed on a collision course with Earth. Avatar chose tactical personnel for the Star Force. This selection included Derek Wildstar and Mark Venture, as well as his son Adam. The first sentient artificial intelligence Analyzer IQ-9 was completed and assigned to Dr. Sane to replace the IQ-5 series. AD 2196 As the Star Force reached full operational status, a training base was established on Mars. As a cover and resource base for the construction of Earth's first starship, Avatar selected the hulk of Yamato, a sunken WWII battleship near Great Island Underground City. As conversion of the wreck began, EDC ordered the development of the starship's auxiliary vessels, including the Cosmo Tiger and Cosmo Zero-type escort boats. August 9: Gamilon forces overran Earth bases on Mars and Mercury. The Underground City at Great Island October 13: Doomsday. The Fist of Gamilon reached 92% of lightspeed. It separated into two 1500-ton parts, one of which was boosted slightly ahead of the other and separated into small chunks. At 0700, these faster chunks impacted Earth's atmosphere above North America and vaporized, releasing their kinetic energy as electromagnetic radiation. The entire surface of the Western hemisphere instantly melted, and the atmosphere was blasted into space as the oceans flashed into steam. Twelve hours later, the second impact occurred, reducing Earth's surface into bubbling magma. Titanic earthquakes wracked the planet, destroying 95% of the Underground Cities, along with their populations. Only Great Island, the Afro States, and a few others survived the blast. After several weeks, the molten surface layer cooled and hardened to a bone-dry, highly-radioactive crust. December: Avatar was ordered to accelerate Project ARGO. Consolidation of surviving space forces and the population of Great Island began. Avatar recruited Stephen Sandor as Chief Scientist, Tokugawa Orion as Chief Engineer, and Christopher Eager as Electronics Officer. AD 2197 The Gamilons activated an artificial sun near Pluto, completing the enviroforming of the planet and installing a Reflex Gun satellite system. Gamilon forces were ordered to hold position until Earth's remaining population died off. The Mars garrison was withdrawn to the Floating Continent on Jupiter. Wildstar and Venture were assigned to Mars Moniter Station 1 for training. Nova Forrest was promoted to Lieutenant upon receiving twin doctorates in Physics and Emergency Medicine. Hibernation tube system design was completed by Sandor and Sane. The DNA library was completed and loaded onboard the starship. A holographic library containing a massive store of knowledge and cultural information was completed. Earth Defense Headquarters AD 2198 The EDC decided to make one final attempt to win the war against the Gamilons. The remaining fleet of EDC ships based at Great Island were refurbished and readied for battle. The plan was to dash past the lightly-fortified Gamilon bases near Jupiter and Titan and surprise the Gamilon fleet near Pluto's orbit. It was hoped that surprise and desperation would enable the Pluto fleet to capture the enviroformed planet for use as a new home for humanity. Avatar was ordered away from the Star Force to lead the Pluto fleet. He was saddened to discover that both his son and Alex Wildstar were to be sent on what he knew was a Kamikaze mission. Sandor was temporarily placed in charge of the ARGO project. AD 2199 The Earth Government determined that humanity would become extinct within 18 months. Radioactive fallout from the surface had begun to build up in the environmental system of the Underground City, contaminating it beyond any hope of reclamation. Sandor took personal charge of the Pluto fleet refurbishment. Alex Wildstar was promoted to Captain and given command of guided missile destroyer #17, EDS Yukikaze [M-21881]. He chose Adam Avatar as his communications officer. Starsha of Iscandar was informed of the destruction of Earth by Desslok. Horrified, her sister Astra volunteered to carry a message of hope to the people of the doomed planet. August 1: the Pluto fleet departed from Earth, with Avatar flying his flag in battleship EDS 225 [M-21741]. The flagship took the call sign "Flagship." Yukikaze was designated "Paladin." Captain Avatar at the Battle of Pluto August 6: the Pluto fleet was met by the combined might of the Gamilon Forward Fleet. Only Avatar's flagship 225 survived the resulting attack. Avatar was wounded by radioactive shrapnel. Yukikaze went missing and was presumed destroyed. Alex Wildstar, Adam Avatar, and the rest of the crew were listed is KIA. August 7: Astra's ship warped into space near Pluto, but was damaged by an automated Gamilon missile battery and crashed near Mars' north pole. Astra's body, her ship, and a mysterious crystalline capsule were recovered by Wildstar and Venture. September 9: Mars base was abandoned. Venture and Wildstar, along with the mysterious capsule and its messenger, returned to Earth aboard 225. Wildstar learned of his brother's death. September 10: 225 returned to Earth. Avatar resumed command of the ARGO project. Cosmo Tiger and Cosmo Zero prototypes were delivered. Queen Starsha of Iscandar September 11: After having a powerful dream, Avatar proposed a new method of reading the message in the alien capsule. The new procedure succeeded, and the capsule's invitation to Iscandar and Wave-Motion primer were decoded. Gamilon forces on Pluto became aware of activity around the hulk of Yamato. Venture and Wildstar met Nova, IQ-9, and Dr. Sane. September 12: After having their own strangely powerful dreams, a theoretical basis for Wave-Motion physics was proposed by Sandor and Orion. Using the plans included in Starsha's message, a crash program began to build the Wave-Motion Engine. September 13: Alex Wildstar crash-landed the damaged Yukikaze on Titan. He alone survived to be captured by Gamilon forces. September 14: EDC Commander Charles Singleton decided to reformulate the mission of the ARGO Project. Instead of serving as an evacuation vessel, the starship would be fitted with Iscandarian technology and sent to retrieve the planet-renewing Cosmo DNA machine from Iscandar. The project was renamed "The Star Force." Avatar informed Nova of this new mission. The rusted superstructure of battleship Yamato September 15: Wave-Motion engine and gun fabrication began. Yamato armaments were modified with new technology. Cosmo Tiger and Cosmo Zero designs were modified for new "gravity drives." September 30: Wave-Motion components were completed and installation began. Gamilons on Pluto launched a nuclear missile at Yamato. Conversion of the Cosmoplane propulsion systems began. Launch day for the Argo, October, 2199 A.D October 4: As per Starsha's instructions, the crystalline heart of the message capsule was placed within the Wave-Motion engine, which was energized. Sandor and his engineering crew were amazed as the engine "reshaped" Yamato around itself to conform with programmed specifications. When this reshaping process was finished, only the outlines of the ancient battleship remained; its atoms had been rearranged into a space battleship, which was newly christened "The Argo." (The Iscandarian crystal created gravitational waves in the space/time continuum that liberated zero-point quantum energy and powered the ship. The waves, properly shaped, could "submerge" the ship in a subspace that allowed point-to-point travel in curved spacetime at greater-than-light speeds. As the engine was activated, shaped waves within local spacetime manifested as a forcefield that held the ship together. The process, which allowed almost instantaneous travel over enormous distances, was called "warping.") Upon hearing the news, Avatar selected his command crew for the mission, including Wildstar, Venture, Sandor, Orion, Dr. Sane, and Eager. Homer Glitchman was selected as Radio Officer. The Argo was attacked by a Gamilon spacecraft carrier. The attack was driven off by Argo's secondary armament. The first test commenced for the gravity control system. Wildstar, Venture, Dr. Sane, and IQ-9 were briefed on the true mission of the ship. The Earth Government announced that the city's life support systems would fail in 365 days. 4 BILLION YEARS AGO Akwaar The worldship Akwaar discovered a cooling planet near a G-type yellow star on the Galactic Rim. Noting conditions there, the decision was made to "seed" the planet in hopes of bringing forth a new species of life there. Complex molecules were introduced to the primordial seas of this new world. The life that evolved from them would carry the spiritual essence of the Elder Race within itself. The new race would eventually become the human race, and they would call the planet Earth. MILLIONS OF YEARS AGO During the intervening centuries, life of Earth evolved (with help from the Elder Race) into the first human species. Meanwhile, the Elder Race evolved past the need for matter and into pure Spirit itself, incorporating its collective consciousness into the essence of each of the worldships, leaving behind their advanced technology in subsurface caverns. Each guarded by its own Spirit, the worldships were parked into orbits around sun-like stars in preparation for the next phase of the Elder Race's plan. The Elder Race that became the Spirit of Akwaar decided that the new human race was its fitting spiritual heir and decided to spread humanity throughout space. To this end, human colonies were planted on each of the eight remaining worldships, which became known as "daughter worlds." These colonies in time grew into the Eight Daughter Races of the Universe: the Iscandaa, the Telezaa, the Galman, the Bolaa, the Shalbaa, the Bimeraa, the Lugaru, and the Deziliaa. The Ninth Race, the Aquariaa, was the Human Race itself, which was left on its world of origin. Akwaar was placed into a hyperdimensional "orbit" that would take it into and out of the Universe once every 10,000 years. 10,000 YEARS AGO The Daughter Races across the galaxy grew and progressed. The first race to achieve starflight was the Iscandaa, who now called themselves the Iscandarians. The Iscandarians created a "spiritual science" based on both physical research and the principle of "love for all life." Based on ancient legends of an advanced "elder race," they conducted research into the nature of physical reality. This research lead to the discovery of Wave-Motion physics, and of a Warp engine based around the element Iscandarium, of which their planet was in large part composed. Using the Wave-Motion engine, the Iscandarians sent out great ships of crystal and copper and explored the galaxies, eventually visiting each of the Daughter Worlds in turn and exchanging people and knowledge with them. Using Wave-Motion technology, Iscandar was remade into a paradise world. The other Daughter Races soon began their own progrms of exploration and colonization. Meanwhile, on Earth, the blue-skinned Denguil Empire arose in Mesopotamia. This was a time of extreme drought, and the Denguils developed an aggressive warrior culture in order to survive. Their "Sky God" religion centered on prayers for life-giving rain. At this time, the worldship Akwaar reappeared in Earth's skies, and this time the Spirit of Aquarius decided to improve humanity by subjecting it to a severe test. Akwaar was moved near to Earth, and resulting floods were interpreted by the superstitious Denguil as punishment for impiety. By coincidence, a spacecraft from Lugaru (now known as Lugal) was investigating the Solar System when this occurred. Tutored by the altruistic Iscandarians, the soft-hearted Lugal accepted the entire Denguil population as refugees and saved them from the flood. Akwaar (now known as Aquarius, or the Water-Bearer) disappeared, leaving the rest of Earthbound humanity to survive the disaster as best it could. A few tribes did, and the experience lead to the familiar Flood story in ancient legends. Humanity had passed its first test. 5,000 YEARS AGO The population of Denguil within the Lugal Empire continued to grow. The aggressive, territorial Denguil adopted the technology of their savior race and used it to create their own sphere of power. Finally, civil war broke out as the Dezahl Dynasty of Lugal was overthrown by the Denguil warlord Uruku. Uruku crowned himself as Lugal Dezahl I and established a new Denguil Empire. Over the next few centuries, the new, aggressive philosophy of Denguil came into conflict with the peace-loving ideals of Iscandarian culture. Soon, battle-lines were drawn. Forming the so-called "Yang Alliance" on the side of Denguil were the Bolaa (now called the Bolar) and Deziliaa (Dezarium) Empires. Forming the equal and opposite "Yin Federation" on the side of Iscandar were the Telezaa (now called Telezart) and Shalbaa (Shalbart) Empires. The agricultural Galmans and insectoid Bimerans (or Bee People) remained neutral as a 20-year Galactic Civil War began. The hive-dwelling Bimerans established a haven on a little-known planet between galaxies. The Galman Exodus fled from Dezarium genocide to establish a new home on Iscandar. Bolaa The destruction was immense, but eventually the war ended. The Yin Federation managed to beat back the Yang Alliance, reducing the Denguil to a primitive existance on Lugal itself. The Bolar were simply forced to retreat to a solar system in the Galactic Core region, although their original homeworld was lost. The Dezarians, who had attempted to exterminate the "inferior" Galmans during the war, were sentenced to banishment, their homeworld warp-shifted into an empty, neighboring universe called the "Galaxy of Light." Guarded by a huge, gaseous nebula, the interdimensional pathway between our universe and the lonely Dezarians' remained an impassible barrier for five millennia. In the years after the war, the "Inward Turning" began. Sickened by the killing and cruelty which they had practiced during the war, the victorious Yin civilizations based on Iscandarian culture withdrew from galactic civilization and concentrated on spritual cleansing. The many colony worlds established by them drifted away from their motherworlds and began to forget their origins. Spaceflight fell into disuse as the Iscandarians and their allies began to explore "inner space." An exception to this rule was the Galman colony on Iscandar. The vigorous, agrarian Galmans, disgusted by what they saw as a cowardly retreat from reality on the part of Iscandarian culture, seceded from Iscandar and established their own unique civilization on Iscandar's twin planet Desraa, renaming it New Galman. 4,000 YEARS AGO: THE GALACTIC DARK AGE The final phase of the Iscandarian "Inward Turning" began as the inhabitants of that world destroyed their spacecraft and became a race of pastoral philosophers and craftsmen. Cut off from trade with Iscandar, the colony on New Galman was forced to adopt harsh measures in order to survive on their unstable planet. Gang warfare broke out as groups competed for scarce water and other resources. A centuries-long period of warfare began as the gangs became tribes. Over time, the Galmans forgot their galactic origins and came to call themselves by a new name: the Gamilons. The Shalbart Empire collapsed as the Wars of Succession splintered the realm. Soon, the colony worlds were left on their own. By the time the house of Guardiana established the Mariposa Throne on their homeworld, Shalbart civilization had been reduced to Bronze Age levels. As sole possessors of the Scrolls of the Ancients, the Royal Family began a program of selective breeding and spiritual discipline that, in time, lead to the flowering of their immense psychic powers. The colony worlds were left to make it on their own. Eventually, memories of the Shalbart and their power coalesced into legends of godlike royalty with weapons and tools beyond human comprehension. These legends became a religion known as Guardianity, based on the worship of the Goddess, "Queen Guardiana." The Telezart retained a small local presence in their solar system, with some space travel and a leisure-based civilization based on antimatter-powered technology, but were gradually reduced to a pre-industrial existence. On Earth, recorded history began.This month we continue to investigate the history of all the worlds in the galaxy, as envisioned by the collective minds of "The Iscandar Project." 2000 YEARS AGO On Gamilon, the fire-worshipping religion of Kabriil Minoxas Gamilaa took hold. Clan warfare raged across the grassy plains. For the next two millennia, feudalism and barbarism alternated on the planet. On Earth, the Christian religion began to spread. Historical Essays: Robotech Timeline 1999 C.E. to 2120 C.E. A History of the Marduk Empire Protoculutre, a People, an Empire, a Culture A History of the Varauta Empire and the Protodevlin The Transient War 2057 C.E. The 4th Robotech War 2063 C.E. to 2070 C.E. The United Planetary Council The United Terran Government Deep Space Colonization and the Terran Confederation Malachite Cavanaugh Sentinels Wars 2070 C.E. to 2078 C.E. United Nations Alliance UNF-Kabarra War 2085 C.E. Ad-Human Project 2055 C.E. to 2080 C.E. The Galactic Imperium Schism War 2085 C.E. to 2095 C.E. The Robotech Defense Force Robotech Defense Force Space Navy Robotech Defense Force Navy Robotech Defense Force Air Force Robotech Defense Force Army Robotech Defense Force Special Space Services Robotech Defense Force Planetary Guard Remarks on the making of the Historical Essays On New Bolar, a vigorous young feudal culture arose. 300 YEARS AGO/AD 1900: THE AGE OF REDISCOVERY Steam technology lead an Industrial Revolution on New Bolar. After a series of strong seismic events, a perfectly-preserved ancient city was discovered by the seaside on Iscandar. The discoverer of the city was a young woman named Starsha. Within the city, Starsha found a great disembodied intelligence that claimed to be the Spirit of Iscandar. Starsha willingly offered to join herself with the Spirit, which accepted. Instantly, Starsha was transformed into the living embodiment of the ancient collective intelligence of the planet itself. At her command, the ancient city rose from the sea bed, gleaming and crystalline. From the city, named Mother Town, Starsha began a peaceful revolution that once again awakened the curiosity and creative spirit of the Iscandarian people. Soon, a full-scale renaissance began, and in time more and more of the Ancients' fantastic technology was revealed. The cities of Iscandar flourished as knowledge once again spread across the planet. Starsha, now immensely wise, was crowned Queen Starsha I by a worshipping populace. Space travel began again as Iscandarium and Wave-Motion technology was rediscovered. Exploratory probes were sent to many solar systems, including that of Earth. On Gamilon, Clan Desslar began consolidating the other clans into one centralized culture, based on the two recently-discovered Galman Codexes. Clan Talan swore eternal fealty to Clan Desslar. Telezart On Telezart, a woman named Trelaina discovered the Heart of Telezart, and joined her spirit to it in order to gain its wisdom and power. AD 1923 Queen Starsha gave birth to a daughter named Sasha. AD 1924 Sasha reached adulthood. As a side-effect of her mother's power, Sasha, too was one with the life-energy of the planet. AD 1950 On Iscandar, the House of Starsha united all of Iscandar under one government. Technology reached pre-collapse levels. Genetic research began. The final secrets of the Ancients began to be revealed. The Cosmo DNA was discovered beneath the central tower. Sasha had a daughter named Astra, who also matured in one year. An Iscandarian space probe was captured by the forces of Clan Desslar. Desslar technicians began reverse-engineering its fantastic technology. Using this new knowledge to their advantage, the Desslar Clan led a rebellion against the planetwide religious dictatorship. A century of Gamilon Holy Wars began, wars which would lead the Gamilon people from swords and axes to nuclear bombs. On Shalbart, the Vaults of Yesterday were discovered. Study of the Ancients and their technology began. On Dezarium, an exploratory party reached the central core of the artificial planet and discovered the Crystal City. The Spirit of Dezarium possessed the leader of the expedition, a man named Skaldart, and drove him to conquer the world in a few years' time. Under Leader Skaldart, an Industrial Revolution began. Bolar scientists developed an original space drive based upon artificially-created black holes. Soon, a Bolar Federation began to gather the scattered worlds of the Galactic Core into a single political entity. AD 2000 World War III all but destroys Earth civilization. A painful recovery begins. On Iscandar, Queen Starsha I dies. Sasha I assumes the Crystal Throne. The House of Lugal Dezahl discovers the ancient Lugal Space Fortress on Denguil. An Industrial Revolution began as its neutrino-based technologies were deciphered. AD 2001 Starsha II born to Queen Sasha I. AD 2020 The Gamilon Holy Wars ended, and a Hegemony War began between the Holy Gamilon Army and the Clans. Desslar, leader of Clan Desslar attacked and, with the aid of Clan Talan, defeated the Holy Gamilon Army. Seeking to consolidate his power, he declared himself Emperor, but was assassinated by religious fanatics. To prevent more civil war, his ten-year-old son Desslar II declared his alliance with the Holy Army and created a joint government with them. In return for their support, Desslar II proclaimed his devotion to the dogma of the Holy Church (including its prophesies). The first Gamilon spacefleets were launched. AD 2025 Beemera Gamilum and the Gamilum-based "Desslar" drive were discovered, named for the new leader. The first Gamilon space probes visited Earth. Gamilon probes reached Beemera, Balan, Berth, and other worlds. Desslar III was born and named successor to the leadership of Clan Desslar. AD 2033 Gamilon began a period of violent seismic activity. The outer crust became dangerously unstable. The inner crust was quickly colonized despite its unsuitable climate. The first Hanging Cities were built. The upheavals created panic among the populace, and the Church used this as an excuse to whip the people into a frenzy. The belief in the coming end of the world began to spread, and soon most Gamilons were convinced that their world was to be destroyed by the Army of the Dark Star, as foretold in ancient prophesies. AD 2040 Gamilon's seismic activity worsened. The High Priests announced that the prophesies were being fulfilled and that Gamilon would be destroyed if the Dark Star was not rendered lifeless. Capitalizing on chaos, Desslar II agreed to support the Church's pronouncements if the High Priests would anoint him King. They agreed, and the Holy Kingdom of Gamilon was created. Desslar was crowned, and, as his first official act, he declared a Holy War on the Dark Star, a small planet on the fringe of the Sky Spiral known to its inhabitants as Earth. Royal Gamilon forces attacked and occupied the planet Balan. A major logistics base, including an orbiting artificial sun, was constructed. In protest, Iscandar established an impenetrable barrier around itself and broke all ties to Gamilon. Shocked by this withdrawal by the inhabitants of the Holy Planet, the High Priests ordered the acceleration of the Dark Star War. Royal Gamilon forces also occupied Beemera. AD 2041 Royal Gamilon forces began occupation of Earth's Solar System. An advance base on Pluto was built. Other bases on Titan and in Jupiter's cloud belts were established. Probes sent from Earth were destroyed. Alarmed at the activity on the frontier of the Solar System, Earth began full-scale research into space travel. THE FIRST SPACE WAR: In a surprise attack, missiles from Pluto base smashed Earth's space installations. No declaration of war or other contact between Gamilon and Earth was made. Earth's spacelift capability was destroyed. Gamilon ground forces occupied Titan and all planetary bodies outside Mars' orbit. Human populations were ruthlessly exterminated. Asteroid bombardments reduced Earth's civilization to late 20th Century levels. On Gamilon, King Desslar II announced the "defeat" of the Dark Star. Gamilon abandoned its bases in the Solar System. AD 2045 Hardliners took over Earth's United Nations, establishing a worldwide military dictatorship. All of Earth was militarized. Alexander Wildstar moved his family to Great Island, Okinawa, and took work in the new shipyards there. A 50-year struggle to rebuild the planet began. On Gamilon, Desslar II died, and Desslar III ascended to the throne. Gamilon began a hundred-year program of empire-building. AD 2069 On Earth, spaceflight resumed.Robotech Timeline (1945 C.E. -2100 C.E.) Dates are certain, in general, to the lowest significant digit. For example: 12000 B.C.E. is known to within 500 years. May, 2010 is known to within 15 days. The religiously neutral `C.E.' and `B.C.E.' have been used in the Terran calendars, following the practice in current historical and archeological circles. The dates correspond exactly to the conventional `A.D.' and `B.C.' systems, respectively. Aug, 1945 Nuclear weapons used in actual combat on Earth. Jul, 1969 Neil Armstrong, of Apollo 11, is first man to walk on Moon. Apr, 1981 Maiden flight of Space Shuttle Columbia. Feb 27, 1996 Space Station Freedom appears in satellite orbit. Feb 1996 World War III. No nuclear weapons are used, but several chemical and biological weapons are tested. WWIII continues until July 1999. Dec, 1996 First introduction of power armor in the US, CIS and Japanese forces. Jan, 1998 Experimental nuclear fusion reactor at Princeton achieves break-even point. Feb, 1999 Zor killed by an Invid ambush on a seeding mission. Macross is sent to Earth. Invid closing on Imperial core systems. Zor's defection activates a Nous-gran'diel (Tirolian genetically enhanced assassin) with orders to kill Zor. (574300 I.C.) Jul, 1999 A colossal meteorite impacts with Earth, coming to rest on South Atalia Island. Investigation reveals that it is an alien spacecraft. It is code-named ASS-1 (Alien Star Ship-1). Public announcements are that an asteroid 3 km in diameter, composed of great quantities of metal, impacted with Earth. The matter is treated as top secret until the chaos and confusion are brought under control. What begins as an emergency meeting between the heads of the US and CIS becomes an assembly of all nations. Aug, 1999 UN Investigating Teams organized. Precise, accurate, minute investigation of ASS-1 begins. South Atalia Island designated UN sphere of jurisdiction. Sep, 1999 Robotech Masters authorize Dolza to use 'any means necessary' to recapture Zor's Fortress. (574800 I.C.) Dec, 1999 According to first report of the study of ASS-1, it is discovered that the alien spacecraft is a warship, and its crew are fully five times the size of human beings. Terrified by the all too real prospect of invasion from deep space, a project is begun to unite Earth into one nation. Mar, 2000 Otech Corporation, a research organization analyzing the alien technology, is established through joint Japanese-US-CIS-German-English-French collaboration. Apr, 2000 Development of weapons systems for use in combat against the giants begins. Jun, 2000 Aliens' existence formally announced (excepting the fact of their size, which is kept top secret). Following this, framing plan for United Earth Government officially proclaimed. Jul, 2000 Outbreak of conflict in the Middle East. The disputes, rebellions and civil wars frequently occurring hereafter in various parts of the world, coupled with World War III, later came to be known (somewhat inaccurately) as the Global Civil War. Oct, 2000 Construction of the gigantic permanent Apollo Lunar Base begins in the Sea of Tranquility, later known as Moon Base Luna. A civilian station is also begun on the moon's surface, known as the Advance Lunar Chemical and Engineering station (ALuCE-1). Plans are made (but are never realized) for a second ALuCE base. Jan, 2001 United Earth Government inaugurated. Founding Prime Minister, Harlan J Niven. United Earth Forces established. Feb, 2001 Repair and remodeling of ASS-1 for use as main battleship of United Earth Forces begins, with Otec Corporation as heart of project. ASS-1 renamed SDF-1 (Super Dimensional Fortress-1) "Macross", the apparent name of the vessel in the language of its original owners. Estimated date of launch: May, 2006. Much of Earth's industrial economy is diverted to the space effort. Mar, 2001 Announcement of the discovery of a large number of major material science advances by Otech. May, 2001 Construction of giant space manufacturing station begins at L-5, in Lunar orbit. Jul, 2001 Construction of a permanent base on Mars, named Sara, begins. Civilians begin to immigrate to South Atalia Island, to work on repair of SDF-1. South Atalia Island renamed Macross Island. Aug, 2001 Theory of SDF-1's thermonuclear Reflex system explained. Reflex Engines still a mystery. Sep, 2001 The "Destroid System," ground-combat anti-giant weaponry, begins trial production. Nov, 2001 Theory of firing system for SDF-1's main cannon explained. Feb, 2002 Tentative plan introduced for variable all-purpose combat system for use against the giants. Mar, 2002 Grand Cannon Theory finished. May, 2002 Construction of United Earth Military Anti-Stellar-Warfare Headquarters begins, in Alaska. On the same site, Grand Cannon No. 1 is begun. Jul, 2002 First Battle for Macross Island fought against the Anti-Unification Forces. Nov, 2002 First successful test of an Earth-made protoculture Reflex plant, at Otech Corporation. What is known of the principles behind protoculture is kept top secret. Apr, 2003 Construction of Armored Series of space carriers begins, as well as space destroyers, at the L-5 manufacturing station. Nov, 2003 In a factory beneath Apollo Lunar Base, using feedback from repair work on SDF-1, construction begins on SDF-2, a massive space battleship purely of terrestrial design. Mar, 2004 Construction on Grand Cannon No. 2 begins in the Australian Autonomous Region. Sep, 2004 Super miniaturized protoculture power-plant finished by Otech. Understanding of alien technologies minimal but sufficient to adapt systems on SDF-1 to Terran weaponry and mechanisms. Oct, 2004 Grand Cannon No. 3 planned in South America, in the Brazil Autonomous Region. Nov, 2004 Increases in defense expenses for the SDF-1 Restoration Project cause deterioration of world economy, forcing drastic delays in the restoration. Jan, 2005 Rioting breaks out in Kazakhstan, Central Asia Autonomous Region. The Second Battle for Macross Island is fought. Mar, 2005 The first Oberth-class Space Destroyer is commissioned. Apr, 2005 Harlan J Niven, Founding Prime Minister of the United Earth Government, is assassinated. His successor is Robert A. Rhysling. Jul, 2005 Frequent occurrences of guerrilla warfare all over America. Aug, 2005 Withdrawal from Mars Base after threat of destruction by the Anti-Unification League. Sep, 2005 To inaugurate the Anti-Unification League's Space Force, the third Oberth-class Space Destroyer to be commissioned is hijacked and, in that raid, the return fleet from Mars is destroyed. A UEG Space Destroyer quickly tracks down and destroys the rogue ship. Nov, 2005 In a retaliatory attack, the UEG's Grand Cannon No. 2 is destroyed during construction in Australia. Efforts moved to Grand Cannon No. 3 in Brazil. Dec, 2005 The giant semi-submersible aircraft carrier Prometheus, CVS-101 (later designated simply as "assault carrier"), is commissioned, for Robotic Technology Mechanism use. Jan, 2006 First recorded usage of the words "Robotech Mecha" as an abbreviation of Robotic Technology Mechanism. Mar, 2006 Grand Cannon No. 4 planned in the Lunar North Polar Region. Apr, 2006 The gigantic assault landing ship Daedalus, SLV-111, is commissioned. May, 2006 Outbreak of the Third Battle for Macross Island. Jun, 2006 Decision made to develop the MBR-04 series of Destroids. Oct, 2006 In the Central Russia Administrative Region, the Anti-Unification League Army uses tactical nuclear weapons to annihilate St. Petersburg. Nov, 2006 Battle for Macross Island ends. Jan, 2007 Global Civil War concluded. Training Center for crew of SDF-1 established on Macross Island. Mar, 2007 The VF-X1, prototype of the variable-combat machines, begins flight testing. May, 2007 Stationing of Destroids aboard the SLV-111 Daedalus begins. Jul, 2007 Grand Cannon No. 5 planned in the Victorian Autonomous Region, Africa. Sep, 2007 MBR-04 mk IV Destroid Tomahawk enters service. Oct, 2007 Testing of the VF-X1's usefulness in space begins. Mar, 2008 Decision made to formally introduce the VF-X1. Mass production of the VF-1 series begins. Variable Fighter series code-named "Valkyries". First recorded usage of the words "Veritech Mecha" as an abbreviation of Variable Technology Mechanism. May, 2008 Space Carrier ARMD-1 and ARMD-2 commissioned. Oct, 2008 ARMD-3 and ARMD-10 commissioned. ARMD-10 is a new design, specialized (unlike the others) for Valkyrie Veritechs. Feb, 2009 HWR-00 mk I Destroid Monster enters service. Mar, 2009 VF-1 series begins deployment for actual combat. (However, usage is limited to aircraft configuration only, for reasons of internal security.) . ARMD-4 and ARMD-5 commissioned. ADR-04 mk X Destroid Defender enters service. Jun 23-30, 2009 Launching ceremonies for SDF-1 Macross scheduled. Jun 27, 2009 A Zentraedi fleet, commanded by Breetai, arrives in solar System. Outbreak of First Robotech War between Earth and the Zentraedi. ARMD-01, -02, -03 and -10, as well as four Oberth-class Space Destroyers, are destroyed in the initial battle. Macross makes a serious error in Fold navigation, sending it, without the Fold system, to Pluto's orbit. Jul, 2009 ARMD carrier production resumes. City completed within Macross. Jul 22, 2009 Macross Transformation. Aug, 2009 ARMD-6 commissioned. SDR-04 mk XII Destroid Phalanx enters service. Sep 14, 2009 Macross engages in the Battle of Saturn's Rings. Daedalus Maneuver first used. Oct, 2009 ARMD-7 commissioned. Jan, 2010 ARMD-8 commissioned. Feb 9, 2010 Macross' main engines sabotaged. Feb 12, 2010 Macross engages in Battle of Mars Base. Mars Base Sara is destroyed in the battle. Apr, 2010 Macross shipboard TV station begins broadcasting. May 2010 First Officer Lisa Hayes and several pilots are captured by the Zentraedi, and are interrogated by Dolza, the Zentraedi Supreme Commander. The officers manage to escape back to the SDF-1. At the same time as they are rescued, three Zentraedi spies infiltrate the SDF-1. Jun 12, 2010 Macross returns to Earth. Captain Gloval reports his experiences to the General Staff. Jun 25, 2010 Khyron launches an unauthorized attack on the SDF-1, sitting in the Pacific Ocean. Jul 28, 2010 During an attack by Zentraedi starships on the SDF-1 in Earth's atmosphere, Toronto and much of the surrounding countryside is destroyed when Macross' omnidirectional barrier overloads. Breetai given command of the Imperial "Ado" class fleet. Aug 14, 2010 Macross, under orders to sortie away from Earth, once again leaves Earth's atmosphere. Zentraedi spies return to their fleet, and report their findings. Zentraedi soldiers begin to be contaminated by culture. Nov, 2010 Grand Cannon No. 1 completed in Alaska. Feb 7, 2011 The film "Zhao Bai Lung" (Small White Dragon) premieres. Apr 13, 2011 The Zentraedi launch a major assault against the SDF-1, taking advantage of the Daedalus attack. Macross City is badly damaged in the fighting, though the Zentraedi are beaten back. Zentraedi begin seeking refuge aboard Macross. May 29, 2011 The interstellar wedding of the human Maximillian Sterling and the Zentraedi Miriya Parino is broadcast. Jun 18, 2011 A peace agreement is reached between Macross and Breetai's fleet. Dolza's Grand Fleet arrives in solar system, leaving the Tirolian Empire virtually undefended. Earth is heavily bombarded from orbit. Dolza's fleet annihilated through Operation "Lynn Minmei". Surface battle begins. Jul, 2011 First Robotech War ends. Atmospheric purification operation executed. Nov, 2011 United Earth Government reestablished. Education and micronization of Zentraedi begins. May, 2012 Construction of New Macross City well underway. Restoration of Nature Project begins. Jun, 2012 Construction begins anew on SDF-2, now christened "Odyssey," at New Macross, the ship having been transferred from Apollo Lunar Base. First mixed-breed birth, to Max and Miriya Sterling. Nov, 2012 UEG appropriates funds for the development of new classes of Veritechs, Destroids, and combat spacecraft. Dec, 2012 Repairs to Breetai's ship are completed, and it is recommissioned as the flagship of the New United Forces. Percentage of Zentraedi converted to Micronians exceeds 50%. Aug, 2013 Rioting by Zentraedi the world over begins occurring. Patrols begin for sake of maintaining public law and order. Test of first Alpha prototype fails. Sep, 2013 Study of plan for project for voyage to Robotech Masters' home-world begins. Oct, 2013 Armed resistance by Zentraedi breaks out. Operation to seize Factory Satellite begins. Robotech Masters depart for Earth. Nov, 2013 Factory Satellite arrives at Earth, soon breaking down. Extensive repairs will be needed for even partial function of the facility. Factory Satellite is renamed Space Station Liberty. Zentraedi attack on New Detroit leads to the capture of a sizing chamber. Khyron's group goes into action. The Lynn Minmei hostage operation. Dec 24, 2013 Khyron captures a Protoculture Generator. Jan 8, 2014 Battle for New Macross City. SDF-1 and -2 are destroyed. Plans for pioneer mission to Tirol are made public. Feb, 2014 Several Nations declare independence of the UEG. Tornado transformable combat Cycle concept proposed. Mar, 2014 Zentraedi Control Zone is defined. RDF surrounds the Zone with troops and tries to minimize the Zentraedi threat. Skull squadron liberates Brazilian Grand Cannon. In retaliation for the Tornado concept, Southern Cross Army begins to develop its own Veritech motorcycles. Apr, 2014 Tornado prototype judged too bulky. Hargun concept proposed. May, 2014 XDF-1 test fails. Crew killed. Jun, 2014 VF-4A Lightning enters service in limited numbers. Jul, 2014 Problems with Tornado's IC engine. Temporary routing of Protoculture generator to power cycle-mode approved. Aug, 2014 XDF-2 test fails. Crew reported as missing, presumed dead. Oct, 2014 Tornado prototype destroyed in freak accident. Sabotage suspected. Dec, 2014 Tristar-class light cruisers enter service. Jan, 2015 First Tokugawa-class battlecarrier commissioned. Feb, 2015 Army of the Southern Cross is formally established. Construction of the Monument City Southern Cross Headquarters is begun. SCA petitions the UEG to drop the failed Tornado prototype in favor of the proposed Hargun series; the petition is granted. Banshee-class escorts enter service. Mar, 2015 VF-X-5 Alpha pilotless prototype completed and tested. Apr, 2015 VHT-1 Veritech Hovertank enters service. May, 2015 Breetai's flagship, the last operational Zentraedi vessel remaining in Earth space, is decommissioned, and its parts form the core of the new SDF-3, now being designed at the Robotech Factory Satellite. Aug, 2015 EBSIS captures a Protoculture generator. Soviets begin to produce their own mecha. Battle-class heavy destroyers enter service. Sep 3, 2015 Viking squadron launches a retaliatory strike against EBSIS, destroying Protoculture generator. Kat Collen is captured by the EBSIS and held as a spy. Jan, 2016 More nations declare independence of UEG. Zentraedi uprisings increase in severity. Mar 5-19, 2016 Zentraedi uprisings reach their climax. Mar 14, 2016 CVS-107 Chronos sunk. Apr, 2016 Zentraedi warship appears in Jupiter Orbit. Viking squadron disables it but is lost in action - Katriana Austin is the sole survivor, as she had been scrubbed from the mission because of her pregnancy. May, 2016 SF-6 Vulture space fighter enters service. May, 2017 VAF-6A Alpha fighter enters production. Oct, 2017 Development of the new Destroids begins. First Hargun prototype completed. Development delayed due to REF priority. Aug, 2018 Command staff of the SDF-3 selected, and the ship's construction is begun. Apr, 2019 ADR-10 mk I Catapult enters service. May, 2019 CVS-111 Pluto transferred to the Southern Cross Navy. Apr, 2021 MBR-09 mk II Gladiator enters service. Jul, 2021 Z1 REF Zentraedi Battle Pod enters service. Nov, 2021 Z2 REF Zentraedi Officer's Pod enters service. Dec, 2021 MBR-10 mk II Excalibur enters service. 2022-2023 Troops for REF are selected. Ultimately, including troops, ships' crews, reserves, support, and dependents, 210,000 humans and 23,000 micronized Zentraedi will make the journey to Tirol. Mar, 2022 SDR-10 mk II Shark enters service. Dec, 2022 VAF-6 Alpha and YBF-9 Beta docking first tested with mixed success by pilots Max Sterling and Karen Penn. Invid invade Tirol, conquering it swiftly. Hunters are wed. SDF-3 departs for Tirol. Southern Cross takes possession of all RDF bases and facilities. Apollo Lunar base is redesignated Moon Base Luna. The Factory Satellite (aka SS Liberty) folds one final time to the asteroid belt, to serve as a hyperspace relay station to the fleet. 2023-2028 (Earth) Southern Cross Battloids and AJACS are developed. Jan, 2023 (Fleet) REF arrives in the Valivarre system and begins to liberate Tirol from the Invid. Mar 3, 2023 (Fleet) Scott Bernard born on Tirol. Jul, 2023 (Fleet) Tiresia Base is completed and staffed by REF troops. Massive relief effort for the Tirolian citizenry begins. Oct, 2023 (Earth) CVS-103 Vulcan transferred to the Southern Cross Navy. Jan, 2024 (Fleet) Sentinels' ship Farrago arrives at Tirol. After heated debate, much of the REF splits off from Tirol and joins the Sentinels. Mar, 2024 (Earth) MODAT conceived as a next-generation Hargun. May, 2024 (Earth) Logan enters service as the premier Southern Cross light Veritech fighter. Apr, 2025 (Fleet) Karbarra is liberated. Jun, 2025 (Earth) Harguns enter service with the Southern Cross. Sep, 2025 (Fleet) Praxian campaign begins. Jun, 2026 (Earth) MODAT 1 completed. Weapon system enhanced. Hargun system successful and in production at Tokyo facilities, slowing MODAT development. Dec, 2026 (Fleet) Praxis liberated. Sentinels proceed to Garuda. (Earth) MODATs 2, 3, 4, and 5 built as variant prototypes. May, 2027 (Earth) Space Harguns enter service with the Southern Cross' Cosmic Unit. Nov, 2027 (Fleet) Garuda is liberated. Many soldiers breathe Garudan air, forcing the Sentinels to delay while the soldiers receive treatment. Jan, 2028 (Fleet) Garfish-class destroyers enter service with REF. Jun, 2028 (Fleet) Sentinels arrive at Haydon IV. Jan, 2029 (Earth) Robotech Masters arrive and attack Moon Base Luna. (Earth) One of the Masters' motherships tries to steal the EVE memory core by inserting a clone simulagent of a Southern Cross soldier, B.D. Andrews, who is assigned to the Robotech Research Center in charge of the EVE computer. Todd Harris shot to death by B.D. Andrews' forces, after passing the MODAT 5 to his civilian friend Mark Landry. The simulagent begins transmitting the contents of the computer core to an abandoned Earth satellite, to be intercepted by the Robotech Masters. Mark Landry attempts to expose the Andrews' simulagent with the help of EVE. Threatened by a minister in the Earth Government, the simulagent stages a coup in Japan, only to be killed by Landry. Feb, 2029 (Earth) EVE core transferred to 13th AVAC base as per Emerson's orders. Mar, 2029 (Earth) Anatole Leonard becomes Field Marshall. Southern Cross strengthens its forces, anticipating a new invasion. The previous incident is kept a tight secret, although rumors of the prior attack abound. (Fleet) Haydon IV liberated. Sentinels proceed to Spheris. Apr, 2029 (Earth) Second Robotech War begins when the Robotech Masters descend en masse on Earth and destroy Earth's satellite network. Contact with Space Station Liberty is cut off. Jun, 2029 (Earth) Contact with Space Station Liberty re-established. Message is sent to the REF requesting assistance in defending the homeworld. Jul, 2029 (Earth) A Tirolian system battleship descends to Earth to excavate the ruins of the SDF-1. The ship is discovered by a patrol of the 15th ATAC. After a soldier is taken prisoner by the Masters, the 15th launches an unauthorized rescue attempt, which turns into a full assault when Southern Cross reinforcements arrive. The prisoner is rescued, and the alien ship is driven from the surface. Aug, 2029 (Earth) First Robotech Master flagship is downed by the 15th ATAC. 15th ATAC penetrates downed flagship on a recon mission. Garland series enters production. Sept, 2029 (Earth) Downed Robotech Master flagship docks with another mothership, and the two lift free of Earth. Zor Prime is captured by the Southern Cross. (Fleet) Carpenter leaves in Hannibal for Earth. Edwards makes a secret pact with the Regent. MBR-12 Destroid Condor enters service with the REF. Oct, 2029 (Earth) Hannibal arrives at Earth and is destroyed, taking a Robotech Master mothership with it. Carpenter warns Leonard that he can expect no more aid from the REF at this time. (Fleet) Spheris is liberated. Mar, 2030 (Earth) Earth launches first major offensive against the Robotech Masters. It is quickly defeated and the survivors are sent to refurbish ALuCE-1 as a fall-back position. Apr, 2030 (Earth) Mission from Earth to relieve ALuCE-1 is ambushed by the Robotech Masters, and escapes with the aid of the returning troops from the moon. (Fleet) Peryton is liberated; its 'curse' broken. Sentinels decide to split up. Wolff, Hayes-Hunter, Exedore, and the Sterlings lead a portion of the fleet back to Tirol; the rest proceed to Optera under Richard Hunter. Breetai discovers Edwards' treachery and is ordered arrested by Edwards. Breetai and his Zentraedi loyalists steal the battle carrier Valivarre and go into hiding. Remaining Sentinels begin Opteran campaign. The Regent arrives secretly on Tirol, and is assassinated by Edwards. Ikazuchi-class cruisers enter service with REF. May, 2030 (Earth) Emerson leads expedition to reinforce Moon Base Luna. His fleet is attacked en route by a Tirolian system battleship and several destroyers, but manages to defeat the alien battlegroup and deliver the troops and supplies to the base. (Fleet) Message arrives on Tirol from Space Station Liberty, requesting help from the REF to fight the Masters. The Plenipotentiary Council, at Edwards' and Admiral Hayes-Hunter's urging, orders a relief expedition be sent as soon as possible. Edwards recruits the ships and troops mostly from the group that has just returned from the Sentinels' expedition on Peryton, keeping his own loyalist troops close-by. Marcus Antonius leaves for Earth, with the 3rd Planetary Corps and the 5th REF Air Force and a large flotilla of destroyers and escorts to assist the Southern Cross' defense of Earth. Colonel John Wolff is among the departing troops. Soon after the relief group's departure, Edwards stages a coup on Tirol and holds the Plenipotentiary Council and the General Staff hostage. Breetai returns and attempts a rescue mission, and is fatally wounded in the attempt. Jul, 2030 (Earth) Relief Group arrives at Earth and links up with fleets from Liberty, Earth, and the Moon for a massive offensive against the Robotech Masters. 15th ATAC is inserted into the Masters' flagship again. Zor Prime rebels against the Masters, and destroys the power core of the flagship. The Masters evacuate the vessel before it is destroyed, and transfer their flag to another mothership. Strike Garland enters production. Aug, 2030 (Earth) Robotech Masters launch a all-out offensive against the Earth. Emerson is captured. 15th ATAC agrees to a prisoner transfer aboard the flagship. The Robotech Masters break the truce and Emerson is killed in the ensuing fighting. (Fleet) Optera is captured. Aug 8, 2030 (Earth) Robotech Masters' flagship destroyed over the ruins of the SDF-1. The Flower of Life grows readily all over Earth. Much of the fighting dies out, but hostilities continue for nearly another year. Nov, 2030 (Fleet) The Sentinels and the Opteran Expedition return to Tirol Thanks to a betrayal by Edwards' most senior aide, Lieutenant General Horace Peckenham, the codes for Tirol's automatic defense systems are overridden, and the defenses are disabled. The combined loyalists rout Edwards' forces. Edwards is killed. The Tirolian shipyards are destroyed in the fighting, damaging the ships on the building-ways and leaving the REF without naval construction capacity. The REF enters into negotiation with the Sentinels, especially the Karbarrans, and makes plans to replace the vessels sent to Earth with Wolff with their new battlefortress, cruiser, and destroyer designs. Plenipotentiary Council and REF are asked by Tirol's citizenry to administrate their world. Dec, 2030 (Earth) EBSIS is the dominant world power, and adopts a hostile stance toward the UEG. Concerned with the depleted state of the Southern Cross forces on Earth, REF commanders from the Relief Group establish six REF bases to defend Earth from a possible Invid invasion. REF Relief Group leaders establish close ties to the formidable Southern Cross presence still on the moon, at Luna and ALuCE-1. Feb, 2031 (Earth) REF Relief Group commanders decide to re-establish Mars Base as well as setting up supply stations throughout the solar system for fall-back procedures. Mar, 2032 (Fleet) Cyclone enters mass production. Apr, 2033 (Earth) Marcus Antonius, loaded with the Tirolian refugees and led by the 15th ATAC, folds out of Earth-space for Tirol. The ship is scrapped on Tirol because of damage caused by the malfunctioning fold system. May 13, 2033 (Earth) EBSIS launches preemptive strike against Germany. Passau is destroyed. Second Global Civil War begins. May 15, 2033 (Earth) Invid arrive, destroying both UEG and EBSIS. Moon bases are cut off from Earth. Second Global Civil War ends. Invid occupation begins. Sep, 2033 (Earth) Invid forces rout last Southern Cross regulars. Jun, 2034 (Fleet) Karbarran shipyards are retooled and begin to construct warships for the REF. Izumo-class battlefortresses enter service with the REF. Mar, 2035 (Fleet) Fleet construction underway. Galaxy-wide mop-up operation against the Regent's remaining outposts commences. Oct, 2035 (Fleet) Shadow device is conceived. May, 2037 (Earth) Resistance movement gains much strength in North America and Europe. Oct 15, 2039 (Earth) Driven to desperation because of the failure of the REF to return, a coalition of North American resistance groups and troops from ALuCE-1 joint attack on Reflex Point. Invid succeed in defending the hive, and in subsequent months, resistance in the Americas is completely crushed for the foreseeable future. Lancer crashes to Earth, and is rescued by Carla from sympathizers. Invid pull many troops from Europe to deal with the threat to Reflex Point, giving Saxony relief from Invid reprisals. Traditional date for beginning of Third Robotech War. Jul, 2040 (Earth) Saxony begins intense but clandestine militarization and industrialization program. Jun, 2041 (Fleet) Battle of Kappa Pontis 4. Valiant severely damaged, but is saved by the fighters, under Michael Austin. Sep, 2041 (Fleet) The cruiser Redoutable is destroyed over Celis 3. Reports later indicate that the Invid are using the survivors for biological warfare experiments. Feb, 2042 (Fleet) In preparation for the upcoming missions to Earth, the REF's 7th Marine Division, with 6000 men and 2000 Veritechs, is dispatched to establish an advance attack base in South America, code-named 'Point K'. Apr, 2042 (Earth) Point K established by the 7th Marine Division. Aug, 2042 (Fleet) Mars Fleet leaves for Earth, lead by Valiant and De Ruyter. Sep, 2042 (Earth) Invid troops mass in South America and successfully destroy Point K. Sep 14, 2042 (Earth) Mars Fleet arrives at Earth and is destroyed to the last ship. Survivors join the resistance. Nov, 2042 (Fleet) Shadowdrones perfected and added to arsenal. Shadow devices installed on Alphas, Betas and spacecraft. Jan, 2043 (Earth) Colonel Johnathan Wolff dies. Invid attack and destroy Soldiertown soon after. Apr, 2043 (Earth) Invid simulagent, Ariel, is transmutated, and is inserted into Scott Bernard's resistance band near the ruins of Point K. July, 2043 (Earth) Sera and Corg are transmutated. (Fleet) VF-X-11 undergoes testing Feb, 2044 (Earth) Scott Bernard's resistance band finds the city of Denver, which has been covered in ice. Jun, 2044 (Fleet) VF-11 enters limited service. July 18, 2044 (Earth) Final attack on Reflex Point. Invid leave Earth, leaving behind some of their contingent. August, 2044 (Earth) Conclusion of the Third Robotech War Reconstruction of both urban centers and the environment begin. Jan, 2045 (Earth) EBSIS re-established and absorbs all of Europe and the former Soviet Union. March, 2045 (Earth) UEG attempts to re-assert control and sets up a capital in the ruins of Buenos Aires and manages to recruit the mercs and freedom fighters in the local area. Neasian Combine forms out of the ruins of Tokyo. May, 2045 (Earth) Neasian Combine establishes outposts in China and Australia and adds them to her sphere of political influence. REF attempts to regain control of Earth and begins deconstructing hives in North America and begins reconstruction of New York, Macross, and Monument Cities. Sept, 2045 (Asteroid belt in Sol) Factory Satellite appears in asteroid belt. REF dispatches several vessels to investigate. Satellite discovered to be G-95 Super Factory Satellite. Oct, 2045 (Asteroid belt in Sol) G-95 Super Factory revitalization begins (Earth) EBSIS extends sphere of influence into the Indian sub-continent. REF joins the UEG forces in North America. Dec, 2045 (Earth) EBSIS attempts a first strike against UEG forces in New York City. UEG orders a full-counter offensive and lands forces in Europe and England. Jan, 2046 (Earth) Western Europe firmly in UEG hands. EBSIS loses Moscow to UEG offensive and surrenders control to the Neasian Combine. Neasian Combine launches an offensive and drives out the ill-prepared UEG forces. Feb 10, 2046 (Tirol) Tirolian Mercantile Republic formed. March 10, 2046 (Zentran) Following Tirolian lead, the Zentraedi form the Zentraedi Empire. March, 2046 (Fleet) First miniaturized fusion-cell energizer developed for use in most mecha. First anti-matter powerplant developed for the REF. (Earth) UEG conducts simultaneous assaults on Tokyo and Moscow and captures both. Neasian Combine surrender to the UEG. Newport News Shipyards begins operating in Sol System. August 15, 2046 (Earth) United Terran Government constitution drawn up and signed. Robotech Defense Force established as main Terran military force. Sept 2, 2046 (Karbarra) Republic of the Sentinels is formed. Jan, 2047 (Earth) Robotech Research and Development center founded in Macross City Macross City becomes capital of United Terran Government Reconstruction efforts increase dramatically with assistance of Tirolians and spreads to Africa and Eurasia. (Zentran) Zentraedi Empire begins rapid re-armament and development of second-generation weapon systems. March, 2047 (Earth) SDF-03 UES Pioneer defolds in Earthspace with all hands onboard. Refits begin immediately. Jun, 2047 (Earth) United Terran Government approves funding for Human Genome Cloning project. Human population begins dramatic upswing. Eden system discovered and becomes first Terran colony. Terraforming begins on Luna, Mars, and Venus (Tirol) Robotech Elders attempt coup on Tirol and succeed, TMR (Tirolian Mercantile Republic) government flees to Earth. (Earth) RDF forces scrape together a task force to defeat Robotech Elders lead by RAdm Jeffrey R. Spillner. July 19, 2047 (Tirol) RDF Task Force arrives and quickly dispatches Robotech Elder forces and Mothership with minimal losses. Robotech Elders die in combat. TMR government returns and immediately begins development of new mobile suit weapon systems and new fleet vessels. Sept, 2047 (Earth) G-95 Factory Satellite refit completed and renamed Robotech Naval Yard. Reconstruction efforts reach highpoint. Refits begin on surviving ex-REF Naval Vessels as construction of improved Izumo, Ikazuchi, Garfish, Marathon, and Montgolfier designs begins at the Robotech Naval Yard. North American reconstruction completed. VF-11 Thunderbolt enters full production. Nov, 2047 (Earth) VA-3 Invader and VAB-1 Pirate enter full production Construction begins on SDF-04 UES Sentinel. March, 2048 (Earth) Rainbow-class Submersible Carrier begins production. March, 2063 4th Robotech War begins January, 2068 4th Robotech War ends Go to 4th Robotech War Homepages Robotech (R) is the property of Harmony Gold. This document is in no way intended to infringe upon their rights. Layout adapted from Robotech Reference Guide Original content by Peter Walker and Aubry Thonon, with Pieter Thomassen Rob Morgenstern. Updated Content by Jeffrey R. Spillner Copyright © 2000, 1999, 1998 Jeffrey R. Spillner Page Last Updated on February 3, 2001 @ 11:00 GMT AD 2075 On Earth, the Underground City Program began. Earth scientists discovered abandoned Gamilon technology on Titan. Using this new technology, Earth rebuilt its shattered cities and spacefleets, and soon a strong Earth Defense Force was in place. Earth fortified the Moon and Mars. On Iscandar, Queen Sasha I died. Astra became the new Queen.AD 2100 On Earth, a new day dawned. Solar System colonization commenced as humanity finally recovered from the First Space War, but the sheer amount of Gamilon hardware discovered in the Solar System shocked Earth leaders. Fearful of a reappearance of the mysterious attackers from space, a unified Earth Defense Command (EDC) was created. Queen Polilla of the House of Gardiana made psychic contact with the living planet Phantom, the oldest living being in the galaxy. Phantom warned her of the coming war between Galman and Bolar, a war in which Shalbart and its legendary ancient weapons would become a coveted prize. The principles of Warp travel were discovered by scientists on Dezarium. The unstable mineral Dezarium was used as a basis for this drive, despite its byproduct of hyperon radiation. The Great Return program to breach the Dark Nebula was begun. On Gamilon, Desslar IV was born. Also born was Sarjant Talan, Mastersson ("prince") of Clan Talan. The young crown prince and the chief-to-be of the Talan clan grew up as friends. On Iscandar, Queen Astra I died. Queen Sasha II ascended to the throne. AD 2119 On Iscandar, Queen Sasha II died giving birth to Starsha III and her twin sister Astra. The Regency Council ruled for 18 months until Starsha III was crowned. The Dark Nebula AD 2121 The Great Return Program succeeded; Dezarium forces escaped from the Galaxy of Light and established bases within the Dark Nebula itself. A chance encounter with a Gamilon space probe lead them to discover the Gamilum-based Warp drive. Leader Skaldart began his expansion into our universe. The Dark Nebula Empire was created as its forces began to penetrate the Galaxy in search of Gamilum. Acting in secret, a young Desslar IV violated religious law and made radio contact with Iscandar, specifically with the now-adult Queen Starsha III. Enchanted by her, he continued their communication. AD 2139 Abraham Avatar was born in Colorado, USA. AD 2150: THE PLAGUE In an attempt to create an immortality gene treatment, geneticists on Iscandar accidentally created a virus that killed on contact. Within days, the once-great civilization of Iscandar perished, its citizens reduced to corpses. Desslar III attempted to send help to Iscandar, but was stopped by the High Priests, who reminded him that Iscandar was a Holy Planet, never to be touched. The King was forced to stand aside as the plague ravaged Iscandar. On Iscandar itself, only a few survived. In a last-ditch effort to save her people, Starsha activated the Ancients' fantastic Cosmo DNA machine, but it was too late. The planet was cleansed of the virus, but only Starsha and her sister were left alive. Heartbroken, Desslar III abdicated in favor of his son, Desslar IV. The High Priests capitalized on the situation and seized power, attempting to kill the young King in the process. Desslar IV escaped, aided by Talan, and assumed the peasant name of Desslok. Planet Gamilon The High Priests imposed a total religious dictatorship across all of Gamilon and declared the end of the monarchy. Taking the destruction of Iscandarian culture as a sign, spacefleets were ordered to Earth's Solar System to resume the Holy War. To feed their coffers, the Church re-introduced feudalism. The Clans were abolished and many of their nobles executed. AD 2151 Accompanied by Talan, Desslok gained a commission in the Gamilon military. He participated in many campaigns and gained the attention of the Commander of Gamilon's Commonwealth Forces, a powerful Lieutenant Colonel named Dommel Lysis. Under Lysis' tutelage, Desslok became a brilliant strategist. The two worked together to pacify Gamilon's many conquered worlds. AD 2159 Striking from Pluto, Gamilon forces attacked Earth across a broad battlefront. This time the match was more even, and EDF forces put up a fierce struggle. The war settled into a near-stalemate as both sides vied for advantage. AD 2165 Stephen Sandor was born in New Sweden, Luna. AD 2169 A baby boy was born to Charles and Beth Wildstar of Great Island (Okinawa). The child was named Alex, an old family name. AD 2171 Stephen Sandor was badly injured in an amusement park accident in which his only sister died. Now a quadruple amputee, the boy was chosen to receive experimental bionic limbs. AD 2177 Adam Avatar (son of Abraham) was born. AD 2179 A second boy is born in the Wildstar family, named Derek. Leslie and Kevin Forrester of Austin, Texas, became parents of a baby girl, Nova Snow Forrester. Marcus Venture, Jr. was born to Marcus and Anna Venture, Brooklyn, New York, USA. AD 2184 Stephen Sandor was commissioned, assigned to the shipyard at Great Island, Japan. AD 2185 Alex Wildstar entered the Earth Defense Academy. General Lysis was assigned as supreme commander of all Gamilon mobile forces. Lysis chose Desslok as his replacement as the head of the Commonwealth Guards and charged him to watch over the Gamilon people in his absence. Moved by this, Desslok revealed his identity as the true King of the Gamilons. Lysis, an old-guard Royalist, swore eternal fealty to Desslok and pledged his armies in any attempt to overthrow the High Priests' brutal reign. With Talan at his side, Desslok began to assemble a cadre of sympathetic officers and former Clan nobles. AD 2189 Alex Wildstar was commissioned, assigned to Cruiser EDS Harrison under Abraham Avatar. There, he met chief engineer Stephen Sandor, and the two became friends. AD 2190 Sandor was transferred to Okinawa Naval Shipyard. Giordi Venture was born. AD 2191 Desslok made his move. Royalist forces moved against key defense and munitions stations of the government on Gamilon. Backed by Lysis' mobile forces, Desslok's army quickly overran the planet and a new Holy Kingdom of Gamilon was declared. The High Priests, who still held the homeworld's highly-religious masses in thrall, threatened a civil war, but Desslok end-ran them by announcing that the High Priests had been in league with the Dark Star all along and had them executed. To prove his piety to the still-faithful people of Gamilon, Desslok vowed to utterly destroy the Dark Star within ten years. To this end, he ordered the Gamilon forces fighting Earth to begin bombarding the planet with asteroids. The ploy worked, and Desslok was named Leader ("Warrior-King") for Life. Desslok's real ambition was to finish off Earth quickly, then, his adoration by the masses secure, to rebuild the long-dead Galman Empire with himself as God-Emperor. A Gamilon Planet Bomb makes Earthfall File:HistoryE.jpg The first "Planet-Bombs" fell on Earth. Derek Wildstar's parents were killed in the attack on Okinawa, as was Avatar's wife. Derek moved in with Alex, who was reassigned to the shipyard. Alex and Sandor renewed their friendship. As the planet-bombings continued, Earth's productive capacity and population were savaged. Fallout levels grew as the cobalt-seeded bombs rained upon the Earth. After taking the place of his fallen commanding officer in the midst of a battle in Saturnian space, Avatar turned the tables on his attackers and destroyed a Gamilon fleet. EDS Trafalgar limped home as the only survivor of the battle, and Avatar was promoted to Captain. AD 2192 Adam Wildstar entered the Space Academy on Earth. Gamilon forces took Jupiter. A 'Floating Continent' base was established within the giant planet. Avatar lead a squadron against Gamilon-held planetoids in the Inner Belt, destroying all of them in a hellish 2-year-long campaign. The Gamilon forward defense base within Asteroid Icarus was captured and its technology recovered intact for study. Derek Wildstar, Mark Venture, and Nova Forrester graduated from the Academy. The Underground Cities began to fill. Earth's spacefleets were decimated in a showdown with Gamilon forces in trans-Mars space.This month, we conclude the history of the Star Blazers galaxy as conceived by writer Bruce Lewis and the "Iscandar Project." Over the coming months, as an exercise in comparison, we'll examine the same history as written in Japan. We commence near the beginning of the Star Blazers story and run it all the way to the end of the story as currently known. (Spoiler warning: if you haven't seen the entire Star Blazers/Yamato saga yet, you may want to come back to this after you've had that pleasure...) AD 2199 The Star Force marches into destiny October 5: The entire Star Force was assembled and briefed. Installation of the ship's equipment and stores began. Black Tiger Squadron reported for duty. Astra's body was placed on board in a hibernation tube. The Yamato was give the call-sign "Argo," officially commissioned into the EDF as battleship M-21991. October 6: Launch day. The Argo's crew paraded through the city, then boarded the ship. The Gamilon missile was detonated by the Argo's defensive fire at close range, but the ship emerged unscathed and launched into orbit. Destination: Iscandar. October 7: The Argo made her first space warp (episode 4). October 8: Jupiter's floating continent was destroyed in the first firing of the Wave-Motion gun (episode 5). October 10: The Argo stopped at Saturn's moon Titan (episode 6). October 13: The Argo was forced into Pluto's sea by the Gamilon Reflex Gun (episode 7). Alex Wildstar was transported from Pluto to Gamilon. October 15: The Gamilon base on Pluto was destroyed (episode 8). Asteroid ring defense system October 31: The Argo used the asteroid ring as a defensive measure for the first time (episode 9). November 23: The Argo encountered the Desslok Space Mines (episode 11). The Sea of Fire November 30: Captain Avatar collapsed. The Argo barely passed through the Sea of Fire on the Alpha Star of Orion (episode 12). December 3: A Gamilon pilot was captured (episode 13). December 28: The Argo escaped the Octopus Star Storm (episode 14). AD 2200 January 4: The Argo escaped General Lysis' ambush in the Magellanic Stream (episode 15). January 10: The Argo arrived at Beemera; encountered the Bee People (episode 16). January 14: The Argo faced the Balanosaurus; Captain Avatar survived an operation to save his life (episode 17). Janaury 17: The Argo was nearly destroyed by magnetronic waves (episode 18). January 22: Homer Glitchman tried to swim home, discovered a Gamilon communications satellite (episode 19). January 24: The Argo reached Balan, the halfway point to Iscandar, and was nearly destroyed by the Gamilons' artificial sun. Wildstar defeated the plan and was appointed Deputy Captain (episode 20). March 3: The Argo was challenged by Lysis to a showdown at the 'Rainbow Galaxy' star cluster (episode 21). Approaching the Rainbow Star Cluster March 10: In the battle of the Rainbow Galaxy, the Argo was hit by a drill missile, but managed to reverse it and destroy Lysis' mobile force. Lysis died attaching a mine to the Argo's hull, taking a portion of the ship and crew with him (episode 22). April 23: The Argo was dragged to Gamilon's inner crust and destroyed much of its civilization (episodes 23 &24). Desslok escaped with a small fleet. April 26: The Argo reached Iscandar Starsha reveals the truth of Iscandar April 27: The Argo's crew met Starsha. Sandor began transferring Cosmo DNA components to the ship as a refit began. Wildstar and Nova discovered the fate of Iscandarian Society. April 28: Derek Wildstar was reunited with Alex Wildstar. April 30: The Argo departed Iscandar for Earth. September 5: The Argo re-entered Earth's Solar System. Desslok's surprise attack was blunted by a new Reflex Shield installed by Sandor. The Cosmo DNA was activated under emergency conditions and performed successfully, driving off Gamilon troops. Avatar died as the Argo entered Earth's orbit. Final salute for the captain September 6: The Argo returned to Earth. The Cosmo DNA was activated and Earth was instantaneously rebuilt. Radioactive contamination disappeared as atmosphere and surface water was spontaneously regenerated. September 7: Avatar's body lay in state at Government House. October 5: The Hero's Hill monument was dedicated. October 6: The Argo, now commanded by Derek Wildstar, left Earth for a year of Solar System patrol. October 13: In an unexpected turn, Captain Avatar's body was restored to life by residual energy from the Cosmo DNA, but he was devoid of memories. Avatar was spirited away and kept in seclusion by Dr. Sane and General Singleton while the rebuilding of Earth's civilization began. AD 2201 Battling the Comet Empire In September, the Argo returned to Earth after its year of patrol, encountering an unknown enemy ship on its final day. Shortly thereafter, a message was received from Planet Telezart, and a new mission began with the Star Force reassembling and launching on their own initiative. In October, the Argo reached Telezart and learned of the approaching White Comet Empire from Trelaina. In November, the Argo returned from Earth barely ahead of the White Comet and fought in the Battle of Saturn, in which the combined fleet of the Earth Defense Forces was destroyed. In a subsequent battle, Desslok had Derek Wildstar at his mercy, but chose a path of peace rather than kill his former enemy. Shortly thereafter, Trelaina appeared and sacrificed herself for the future of Earth. In December, word arrived from Desslok that Iscandar was endangered by forces of the Black Star Cluster Empire, and The Argo broke off from a training cruise to lend aid. AD 2202 The Last Iscandarian January: Although Desslok's forces allied themselves with the Star Force, a Gorba fortress of the Black Star Cluster (AKA Dark Nebula) Empire fought them to a standstill and claimed Iscandar for their own, in order to strip it of the energy-producing mineral, Iscandarium. Queen Starsha turned the tables by igniting the vast energies that lay within the heart of the planet and destroying her world rather than turn it over to the bloodthirsty warlord Skaldart. Sasha, the daughter of Starsha and Alex Wildstar, was now the last living descendant of the once-mighty Iscandarian race. Later in the year, Emperor Skaldart dispatched a massive invasion force to subjugate the Earth. Knowing full well the threat posed by Iscandarian Wave-Motion technology, Skaldart gave the highest priority to destruction of the Argo. Instead, the Star Force launched from a hidden location (the converted Asteroid Icarus) and penetrated through the Dark Nebula to the Galaxy of Light, ultimately finding and destroying Planet Dezarium. Piercing the Dark Nebula Concurrently, Desslok and the last remaining units of the Gamilon fleet found and liberated their parent Planet Galman from the Bolar Empire. Their numbers restored, Desslok's forces quickly spread across the galaxy and fought against Bolar fleets wherever they were encountered. AD 2203 The expanding war between the Galman and Bolar Empires spread into the Galactic spiral arm containing the Earth, and a stray Galman missile detonated inside Earth's sun, setting off a chain reaction of nuclear fusion that would accelerate sun's the life cycle, leading to solar collapse in one year. The Argo was sent on a mission to locate a suitable planet for emigration, but instead became embroiled in the Bolar Wars. This lead to the discovery of Princess Mariposa, heir to the throne of Gardiana, who had been imprisoned in the heart of Planet Phantom. Phantom turned her over to the care of the Star Force, who returned her to Planet Shalbart (AKA Gardiana). In return for their help, the Vault of Yesterday was opened, and the elders of Shalbart provided the Star Force with a device to restore Earth's sun. In a subsequent battle near Earth, Desslok destroyed the Bolar Black Hole fortress and Bolar Prime Minister Bemlayze with it, effectively decapitating the Bolar Empire. Queen Gardiana presides over the last Bolar War Near the end of 2203, a new threat emerged when the Dinguil Empire steered the Ancient Water Planet Aquarius toward Earth and accelerated its course, threatenening to deluge Earth with water. Captain Abraham Avatar, restored to full life but still missing most of his memory, was once again given command of the Argo to face this enemy. It would be his final mission. THE END
- This timeline briefly chronicles, in rough chronological order, the history of the multiverse and its inhabitants, most prominently Gielinor. Six distinct ages are known, which span roughly 12,000 years and begin with the discovery of Gielinor by the god Guthix - the events before that are also documented where possible, but an exact time cannot be given. Please note that, for practical reasons, the descriptions given here are very brief. As such, it is recommended to visit the articles listed in the last column for more detailed documentation.
- As with any MUSH that's been around half as long as GarouMUSH, GarouMUSH has developed quite the history. Events are organized by the year they happened.
* 1826 The Birth of the Wheel
* 1847 Area 'Discovered' By Prospectors
* 1849 St. Claire Founded
* 1850 A Tremere Warlock
* 1854 Silverwood in the Knoll Established
* 1855 The Tremere's Departure
* 1857 Completion of Silverwood in the Knoll
* 1860 More Vampires
* 1861 Civil War Begins
* 1862 Craven and MacDougal
* 1889 Statehood
* 1905 Raleigh Becomes Prince
* 1908 Wolf Woods National Park opens
* 1925 The Hairy Man
* 1932 Hilliard Memorial Hospital Built
* 1933 Alphabet Soup Terrorism
* 1939 Germany Invades Czechoslavakia
* 1940 Northern Caerns Destroyed
* 1943 Wild Animal Attack
* 1944 Wendigo leave; Ice King Threatens Caern
* 1945 Second World War Ends
* 1953 Magi Arrive
* 1954 Shelters Constructed
* 1969 Apollo Moon Landing
* 1971 Rezoning Proposal Fails
* 1973 Regan Bridge High School Burns
* 1974 Riverside Murders
* 1978 GENOM Destroys Caern
* 1980 Mt Saint Helens Erupts
* 1981 Foster Elected
* 1987 Silent Strider Grand Moot
* 1989 Wolf Repopulation Project begins
* 1990 Regan Projects Fire
* 1991 Caern Re-discovered
* 1992
* 1993 Turmoil in Chicago; Caern Opens After Struggle
* 1994 Earliest Caern Convos Available
* 1995 Ice King attacks
* 1996 Control of the Caern Lands
* 1997 The Forest Burns
* 1998
* 1999
* 2000 A Horde of Spirals
* 2001
* 2002 The Caern Taken, the Caern Reclaimed
* 2003
* 2004 The Great Hunt
* 2005 The Great Hunt Failed
* 2006 The Tire Fire
* 2007 Pink Fuzz
* 2008 The Farmhouse Burns
* 2009
* 2010
* 2011 Flint
* 2012 The Caern Lost Again
* 2013 The Caern Again Reclaimed
* 2014
* 2015
- Freedom Road Socialist Organization: 20 Years of Struggle December 2005 statement by Freedom Road marking 20 years since the initial founding of the organization in 1985. (external link)
- In its Tetrian usage, history refers to the chronicling of events that have occurred in the past. Among the Tetrian academic community, history is not considered a discipline on its own, but is usually studied as a specialization within other fields such as biohistorics, geohistorics or technohistorics.
- In the beginning there was only the yawning nothingness of Chaos. Out of Chaos emerged Gaia and the first of the divine beings: Eros, the Abyss, and Erebus. Gaia gave birth to Uranus the Sky, and together there were born the 12 Titans, the Cyclopses and the Hecatonchires, the Hundred-Handed Ones. Cronus, youngest and most terrible of Gaia’s children, castrated his father Uranus and ascended to become king of the Gods; his father’s severed genitals fell into the sea, where other beings were then born of its parts including Aphrodite. The Titans served as his court, and his sister Rhea he took to be his wife; the Cyclopses and Hecatonchires refused Cronus’ rule and were confined to Tartarus.
- At the end of the 21st century, the continuing exhaustion of Earth’s resources sparked a furious struggle for dominance, ultimately leading to all-out conflict. Billions perished as the Final Wars raged across the globe. As nations crumbled and civil society was in its death throes, one of the super nations that actually started the conflict devised a plan to win the war by simply outliving its rivals. The leaders of the nation created The Continoma Project – a massive, self-sufficient mind database capable of storing the memories and thoughts of humanity. The leaders ensured their entry within the Continoma Project database and brought with them the seeds of what they believed a thriving community of docile and loyal citizens. Humanity outside the Continoma Project all but destroyed itself – the great societies that once warred between themselves were reduced to nomadic tribes and eventually regressed to primal existence or extinction, long before the irradiated and polluted world become habitable again. While life on Earth was going through its most dramatic extinction and adaptation, the Librarium – a nearly indestructible fortress tended by artificial intelligence and robots – kept the dormant sentience of humanity’s chosen safe for the future. A few hundred years passed, and the sensors of the Librarium detected that the environment outside was clean. How the environment cleansed itself remains mysterious. The keeper of the Librarium – the Custodian AI – began re-vesseling the first survivors, called the Pioneers. Their goal was to explore the island and prepare a territory suitable to host more massive re-vesseling. Faced with mutated man-eating plants and animals, as well as aggressive descendants of the last naturally-born humans, the Pioneers were only able to carve out a living on the island of Enterra. It was here on Enterra they founded Sal Vitas, City of Salvation, where the Continoma leaders formed a new government, an engineered social and political regime of utopian proportions that promised to erase the painful memory of the past. During the first decades, the reclamation of Enterra required a huge workforce. Facing a future of new challenges and opportunities, many of the survivors began to form groups and factions each with their own agenda and goals. Some of them revisited the darker side of the human nature, exploring the possibilities of immortality in a way that broke the moral codex devised by Continoma to bond the new society. To prevent the spreading of chaos among its ranks Continoma created a strict police force and administration that ensured no crime is left unpunished and no protest unsanctioned. As the cluster of terraformed regions began to spread, it was clear for the resurrected humanity that the days of harsh working conditions and iron order would soon be over. The hope for new beginning and the urge for a more equitable distribution of power spread amongst the splintered society. Various factions within society slowly began questioning the actions of the government and felt themselves detached from the principles it was trying to enforce on them. At first, intellectuals and informal leaders formed a loose organization originally intended to keep Continoma in check through civil action. It was not long until the informal organization took on a new role and directly challenged Continoma, calling for open elections for new government. Originally, Continoma tried to react in moderation, explaining that such a solution for the social crisis was unwise. Continoma feared that technologically and politically empowered villains could usurp their rule over the nascent humanity and throw it back to its darkest days. But rebellious souls drunk on dreams of freedom didn’t listen. For them, the way Continoma ensured its rule seemed tyrannical and despotic. Massive public protests paralyzed the society on Enterra. Strongly believing in their credo, Continoma ordered the forceful return of the informal organization’s most renowned leaders into the memory databanks. This threat was hoped to cull the passion of the protesters, but it lead only to a worsening of the conflict. Organized by one of their leaders that escaped prosecution – Deacon Prost – the dissidents formed an armed resistance that directly opposed the forces of Sal Vitas Security or SVS. Invented as a mockery to official propaganda and a prominent reminder to its origins, the name Noir soon became the object of rumors and gossips amongst the population. As Continoma was doing its best to suppress the forming resistance, the conflict quickly escalated. For Deacon and his men, the situation looked grim. Overwhelmed by the technologically stronger and more numerous SVS forces, their days as a faction opposing Continoma were soon to be over. Forced by the circumstances, Deacon created plans to strike at the very heart of the Continoma – the memory databank’s control center, situated in Sal Vitas. A key factor for his plans was the assistance of Synthia Harvington, a high-ranking Continoma Commissar that claimed to be planning a coup herself. She provided the rebels the plans and security codes for the infiltration of the city, but little did they know that she was a traitorous double agent placed by the Continoma government to disrupt the plans of the resistance and seize its leader, Deacon Prost. On the Division Night, the Noir rebels stormed the capital of Sal Vitas only to be caught inside a trap, carefully set by Synthia. Luckily for Noir, they managed to break into the databank control center and free the personalities of many citizens. This massacre led to the creation of the Noir as an independent faction mastering its own technology of re-vesseling humans. The crisis caused by the Division Night allowed the various dissenting segments of society to form organized groups with their own leadership and territories all over the island. Some of these organizations decided to trade portions of their liberty by reuniting with the government or the ranks of the rebels. Others set on making their own way in the harsh political reality on Enterra, forming unstable alliances with each other and always standing on their guard for potential betrayal. Currently, Continoma and Noir continue to battle over the dominance of the Island. Their ongoing struggle weakens them considerably and even as they remain the two most powerful forces on Enterra, they depend much on the other organizations for their survival and victory.
- Note: We now know that at least some of this information is wrong.
- The history of ancient Egypt began around 3100 BC when Egypt became a unified Egyptian state. It survived as an independent state until about 343 BC, but archaeological evidence indicates that a developed Egyptian society existed for a much longer period.
- The Whole World History The exorbitant development made resources of developed nations of E.U. Government be in exigencies. As competing for resources, wars started to burst out, in which developed nations invaded those unprogressive nations in different fields. However, it’s merely like beasts fighting back at bay because the consumption by wars was fatherly more than what they acquired.Is any thing that will deviate its own original meaning or is human the empty-headed puppet of God forever?The embarrassing situation of E.U. Government / the start of WarIn 2030 the 5th Oil crisis comes out. As the last energy-owning continent, Antarctica was competitively exploited by nations which invest their technical force to the exploitation to resources in the abyssal sea.In 2037 the United Nations is seriously criticized and later on announces its disband because it cannot fulfill both developed nations and unprogressive nations with profits at the same time on the problem of the resource distribution.In 2040 On March, the resource in the offing and the land has been used up. Then the first nation , Qiu Ming Empire, starts a war for resources.In 2040 On July, the number of invaders has been increased up to three.In 2042 the global war for resource bursts out, in which there are 12 invading nations.The time of most advanced human technology accomplishments Warfare brings out the overall progress of the society that human starts undertaking the exploitation of resources in the universe, meanwhile the everlasting residing project among space station, moon and Arthur alliance has been completed and the new Helium 3 energy has been exploited and used as well. So, the problem of resources exhaustion has been solved but it doesn’t mean the end of wars. With the sufficient metallic elements, Helium 3 energy and the needs by warfare, the advanced weapons –armors are developed and used in a great numbers. After the short period time of peace, human enlighten the starting age of cosmic warfare thanks to the difference of human ideology again.At this moment, we are feeling sad while the sunlight is still growingly shining just as in the past. The temporary thing is always peace.The Unification of Federal Union / New Crisis In 2042: global resource warfare bursts out, in which invaders are up to 12.In 2045: The first starting warfare nation, Qiu Ming Empire, which acquired great profits beings to develop technology fit for cosmic warfare with all its strength attempting to get the upper hand to the resources in the universe. Qiu Ming Empire confidentially plan to develop the superior high technology, called INTRON PLANThe entire research plan lasts 40 years, in which it’s all over around, including artificial evolution plan.In 2060: the technique “space folding” was implemented base on the cosmic technology during warfare which means human ushers the new cosmic aviation age.In 2062: Qiu Ming Empire establishes its first base on the Moon, called Mare Transquillitatis Base. Meanwhile one part of INTRON PLAN has been researched in universe for the possibility for weightlessness and cosmic environment to changing human. The leading direction is to research the Gene Tech. and human armor.In 2068: the war-weariless extremist publicly starts to protest against war-associated governments, demanding the quit of the war for resources.In 2069: For quenching rebelling armors, war-associated governments allies and announces to start “Arthur alliance development plan” making it be true that human immigrate to Arthur alliance, in which its political ambition is to alienate parts of war-weariless extremist and political protesters.In 2080: Mare Transquillitatis Base starts in practice in a large scale and Helium 3 energy on the Moon and in universe has been discovered.Meanwhile the first term of Arthur alliance port project has been completed that human begin to search and develop space life.In 2082: the large-scale cosmic immigration spaceship has been successfully manufactured. For the fulfillment to getting Helium 3 energy from different nations, spaceships are opened to the whole world. Then the second term of Arthur alliance port project has been completed that the number of immigrants been rapidly increased.In 2084Cosmic Epoch year 1: Arthur alliance port practical trial works well that human begin to immigrate to Arthur alliance. 100,000,000 people are sent to Arthur for residence. The new cosmic epoch has been used by Arthur alliance residents.In 2087cosmic epoch year 3: the number of immigrants have been growing that population in the Arthur alliance has been rapidly increased up to more than 300,000,000.In 2088cosmic epoch year 4: war-weariless extremists among Arthur alliance immigrants establishes immigration group aiming to creating a democratic and free nation. Simultaneously, governments of the Federal Union are still busy concerning about federal wars.In 2092cosmic epoch year 8: Arthur Immigration group succeeds in dominating the economic and political administration that Arthur alliance ports has actually been the Arthur democratic autonomous region which is uncontrolled by Federal Union and starts expanding their regions outwards by themselves. By applying the huge cosmic space which could accommodate millions of residents after the small planet is just built, plus with the attraction of democracy and freedom, the second immigration has enthusiastically begun.In 2094cosmic epoch year 10: In Mare Transquillitatis Base has succeed in development of human armors and its technology.After making ambition come true for firstly obtaining cosmic resources, the strength of Qiu Ming Empire has been enormous persistently and crazily. Finally, national military development institution gives the birth to human armor under the support of Mare Transquillitatis Base being equipped with the first laser weapon. The achievement of Human armor’s application frightens the whole world.In 2098cosmic epoch year 14: Relying on human armors, the situation of war’s victory has gradually been tend to be close to Arthur . Simultaneously the Federal Union has felt the menace from Arthur. At last, the 50-year long war has been ended that E.U. Government announces its establishment at the mercy of Qiu Ming Empire.Notemore than 50 years of war attains a result of coming out a number of military affairs manufacturers, which make a multi-strengthening situation that 6 big weapon manufacturers has occupied the market. They are COLT, HK, Rucke, SW, Anka and Sani, which are equal to each other in the design of cannon weapons.New Cosmic Age Nations of Federal Union are always busy in chaos of war and researching military technology. The ignored Arthur alliance residents who carry the hatred to the global war source and bring the hope to freedom and democracy has decided to be independent.Developing from a mighty base to a highly civilized city is just as that the young has been independent from mother……Independence of Arthur Alliance / Expectation to the free democracy.In 2084Cosmic Epoch year 1: Arthur alliance port practical trial works well that human begin to immigrate to Arthur alliance. 100,000,000 people are sent to Arthur for residence. The new cosmic epoch has been used by Arthur alliance residents.In 2087cosmic epoch year 3: the number of immigrants have been growing that population in the Arthur alliance has been rapidly increased up to more than 300,000,000.In 2088cosmic epoch year 4: war-weariless extremists among Arthur alliance immigrants establishes immigration group aiming to creating a democratic and free nation. Simultaneously, governments of the Federal Union are still busy concerning about federal wars.In 2092cosmic epoch year 8: Arthur Immigration group succeeds in dominating the economic and political administration that Arthur alliance ports has actually been the Arthur democratic autonomous region which is uncontrolled by Federal Union and starts expanding their regions outwards by themselves. By applying the huge cosmic space which could accommodate millions of residents after the small planet is just built, plus with the attraction of democracy and freedom, the second immigration has enthusiastically begun. In 2094cosmic epoch year 10: In Mare Transquillitatis Base has succeed in development of human armors and its technology.In 2096 cosmic epoch year 12: Arthur government espionage info group successfully takes the researching document of human armors of Mare Transquillitatis, which arises the affair of leak of military base secrets.Arthur begins to research Gene Tech.the second cosmic space station is established.In 2097cosmic epoch year 13:Arthur alliance formally announces its independent from Federal Union t hat Arthur democratic autonomous region establishes to he the Republic of Arthur.In 2098cosmic epoch year 14: Relying on human armors, the situation of war’s victory has gradually been tend to be close to Arthur . Simultaneously the Federal Union has felt the menace from Arthur. At last, the 50-year long war has been ended that E.U. Government announces its establishment.In 2103 cosmic epoch year 19: For the madness to the independence of Arthur, the Federal Union , which just passes the impact from war of energy, allying with E.U. Government plans to recapture Arthur and begins to seal off Arthur economically.In 2106cosmic epoch year 22: As for the menace to the safety, Arthur accelerates researching Gene Tech.. This has got great breakthrough. The gene transformation method of strengthening the flesh has been achieved.Gene transformation of strengthening the flesh is to change into the enhanced human.In 2109cosmic epoch year 25: Arthur immigrant population has been more than 800,000,000.Having experienced 10-year reorganization, the Federal Union finally has been out of the impact from war of energy and rapidly starts anabasis war for recapturing Arthur. These two parties normally declare the war to each other.In 2114cosmic epoch year 30: Federal Union with insufficient preparation encounters overall failure that the anabasis war of the first time is announced failure.In 2115cosmic epoch year 31: After then, Federal Union Government adopts the new warfare strategy that small type high mechanically-operated troops infest Arthur as much as they could. However, relying on matured technology of human armors and enhanced human armors, Arthur has always got the predominance of war, which cause the failure of times of infesting attack by Federal Union troops.In 2116 cosmic epoch year 32: the Gene transformation of enhanced human by Federal Union Government has been achieved.In 2117cosmic epoch year 33: the discovery of alien creature under the ground surface of Arthur alliance planet is guessed to be the germ from the early Federal Union’s explorer which could produce mutant creature combining with coefficient DNA element from Arthur immemorial extinct creatureIn 2122cosmic epoch year 38: The third space station has been built, which is the space gangway for Federal Union Government to fight against Arthur.In 2123cosmic epoch year 39: Federal Union Government firstly succeed in applying the technology of enhanced human to the military field.In 2124cosmic epoch year 40: Federal Union Government uses military technique, enhanced human, to start the second anabasis war against ArthurIn 2126cosmic epoch year 42: Relying on the fact that Arthur alliance is far away from Federal Union Government, Arthur has severely resisted on the attack by Federal Union at second time.However Arthur alliance refuses to admit to be inferior, they’ve dedicated to strengthening the brain part of Gene Gene transformation by strengthening on brain part is the transformation into new human. With the combination of Gene tech. and military weapons, another batch of new type of war armors comes out implementing that armors could give rapid responses to things in military operations with the lead by cerebral nerves of new human.In 2129cosmic epoch year 45: Federal Union Government and Anabasis has been very positive. As to break the deadlock, Federal Union Government and Anabasis have sketch out the confidential weapon – composite armor successfully sneaking attack to Arthur Alliance City.In 2130cosmic epoch year 46: the sneak attack to Arthur space station by Federal Union Government allying with Anabasis has irritated Arthur troops, which directs a small comet nearby Earth to punch Federal Union Government. It just hits the chain-shaped isle areas of Federal Union Government, where is just the Qiu Ming Empire that since then the chain-shaped isle areas disappear meaning that Qiu Ming Empire is not existing any more.In 2131cosmic epoch year 47: Relying on the Brain strengthening technique and punching the chain-shaped isle areas of Federal Union Government by directing comet, Arthur gets victory again. At the same time, there has been new upheaval being happened because of the death of Qiu Ming Empire. Under this circumstance, Federal Union Government is forced to admit the independence of Arthur.In 2132 cosmic epoch year 48: the Brain strengthening technique from Federal Union Government has been achieved and they begins to civilize new type of human.During the cold war, Federal Union Government began a more than 20-year war with Arthur alliance, in which these two parties confidentially researched and developed various new types of weapons. Both of them ever patched espionage dinting into each other for stealing military information.At the same time, the conflict among new races of human is sometimes happened owing to the difference between enhanced human and human.In 2155 cosmic epoch year 71: heroic deeds runs one generation by one generation. Players who never experienced the wounds from warfare will create their own heroic ages.By means of new Gene Tech., two new races have entered into human society.
- Influenced by the likes of Eric Clapton, Led Zeppelin, Jeff Beck, and Jimi Hendrix, Lifeson formed The Projection with friend John Rutsey on drums in 1967/68. Rutsey and Lifeson where joined briefly by bassist/ vocalist Jeff Jones in June 1968 to form Rush. On the evening before a gig in August 1968, Jones called in unable to make it, and in need of a vocalist and bassist for a gig, Lifeson called friend and classmate Geddy Lee and invited him in to the band, as described in the official biography Visions: "Often I would call Ged up to borrow his amp. When I called him up this time, right away he thought, 'Oh, he's going to want my amp', and I said, 'Do you think you could come and play with us, because Jeff isn't coming, we don't have a bass player, and we have this gig tonight. We'll just play the songs'." Accepting the offer, Lee, Lifeson and Rutsey played at the Coff-In, a local teenage hang out in the basement of an Anglican Church, covering Cream songs for 10$. After the gig, they split the money and went out for dinner. Jones quit because of other commitments, and Lee was made a permanent member that evening. Lifeson, Lee and Rutsey continued to play the Coff-In, steadily developing a group of followers. On Christmas Day, 1968, Lindy Young was asked to join the band as a keyboard player, greatly evolving the band's sound. As time went on, Young began to play Rhythym guitar and sang the lead vocals on multiple songs. In May 1968, Lee was kicked out of the band, replaced buy bassist Joe Perna, and they changed their name to Hadrian. Lee, who formed his own band called Ogilvie, continued to go to see Hadrian's gigs, helping Young with his numerous responsibilities on stage, and even missing the last performance of The Jimi Hendrix Experience to go to the see Hadrian play at Willowdale United Church. Hadrian. In July, Lee's successful band Ogilvie changed it's name to Judd, and began attracting the attention of Ray Danniels, a manager who had previously shown intrest in Rush. That month, Young quit to join Judd, and Hadrian fell apart, followed by Judd's disbandment in September. It was not long before Lifeson, Lee and Rutsey got together again to reform Rush, now more experienced and more serious then ever about their music. Resuming their weekly circuit of local Churches, High School Dances, and drop in centres, Lifeson and the reformed RUSH began to draw impressive crowds playing their cover tunes. It was at this time that they discovered Led Zeppelin, inspiring their compositions and playing style to take a turn from their previous Rock and Roll/Blues style to a more Hard Rock feel. This is also the time in which Lee began to sing in high registers. But only weeks after RUSH reformation, Coff-In was shut down because of how many people where coming to see Rush, and the adult felt it was getting out of control. With their biggest attracting show canceled, sixteen year old Ray Danniels had to find them more gigs, many of them out of town. Lifeson and Lee began to compose more original compositions, but struggled with the pressure of aggressive audiences who only wanted to hear the hits. Never the less, they still continued to play more of their own songs, causing their popularity to go down hugely and even starting the occasional riot. With Lifeson and Lee still in school, things began to really get crazy. Meanwhile, parents of the band began to think that music was becoming more then just a harmless hobby, but maybe a career. In an interview, Lee talks about how his mother at one point told him just to be a doctor, and in "Come On Children" Lifeson is shown arguing with his parents over his choice not to go to college. Taken from Visions: "Ray's efforts at getting them gigs began to get more successful, but these shows would sometimes be some distance from home. "They'd get out of school at three o'clock," says Ray, "and drive like hell to get where they were going. They would play high schools in Sudbury, North Bay, Cochrane, Kirkland Lake, London, Deep River and Windsor, Ontario. These cities and towns are anywhere from 200 to 500 miles from Toronto, so it was a pretty hectic schedule for kids who were going to school." But for the guys in the band it was anything but a chore. Alex couldn't wait for the school bell to ring on the days when they were going to play. "I remember it being great!" says Alex. "We'd finish school and everyone would make their way to where the band was leaving. Doc Cooper lived across the street and most of the time he would drive us to gigs in these old beat-up limousines. We also had another guy, Larry Bach, who drove his car, and we'd put a U-haul trailer on the back with all the gear in it. We played all over Ontario and we loved it." The turn of the decade only brought more changes, when the provincial drinking age was dropped from 21 to 18, opening up the bar circuit and hundreds of new gig opportunities, and Lifeson moved out of his parents and in with his girlfriend, Charlene, at age 17. Charlene gave birth to their son, Justin, soon after. In need of ways to support themselves, the band members where forced to take up jobs on the side, Lifeson working as a Plumber's mate with his father. It was also sometime in 1970/71 that Lifeson was apart of the documentary Come On Children, aired in 1972, it was a film in which a group of troubled teens where left to live on a farm house, similar to reality shows today. The documentrary never picked up much intrest, but it contains the earliest known footage of Lifeson playing guitar, a clip in which he plays a RUSH composition called "Run Willie Run." for the other kids. Lifeson began taking classical guitar lessons from classmate Eliot Goldner, but they where brought to a untimley end when Goldner was landed in the hospital from a motorcycle crash. After a slow summer with only three gigs, RUSH was able to book a place to record in the Fall of 1972, st Rochdale Collage. The tapes of these recording sessions where later lost. In the fall of 1973, RUSH again went into studio, this time to record their first single. Featuring the band covering Buddy Holly's "Not Fade Away" and one on of their own originals, "Can't Fight It", the record was turned down by every label in Canada twice. Taken from the biography Success Under Pressure: Towards the end of 1973, Rush played their biggest gig so far, opening up for the New York Dolls at a Toronto concert hall. Having garnered a strong following on the local club circuit, the group had little difficulty in blowing the headliners off stage. Yet, despite their ever-increasing popularity and the fact that they had earned enough money to make an album, Rush faced one major problem -- a total lack of record company interest. "It was extremely hard for us to get a deal," reflects Alex. "Nobody wanted to sign us because we just weren't considered 'sellable' at the time. In Canada, if you were the Guess Who, then you had a much better chance because you had something that was very commercial, which could be heard on the radio. We always had a strange reputation in the Canadian music industry. Nobody wanted to know us because we were labeled as being too heavy, with a singer who had a crazy voice." Consequently, Rush were forced to enter the studios without the support of a record label. The band was aided by longtime manager Ray Danniels and his partner Vic Wilson. Danniels had initially become involved with the trio after promoting a South Ontario high school concert several years earlier. However, allocating recording time was extremely difficult, since the group had to keep gigging in order to sustain their cash-flow. "We had to start work after playing in a club and record through the night," Alex explains. "We'd tear down the gear and go in at two in the morning until eight, when we had to get out. You'd do that one week, but then you couldn't get back in the studios for another three weeks, which was very frustrating. But we had no other options. Without a proper record company behind us, we had to make do the best we could. Finally, in early 1974, their debut self titled Lp was realesed on Moon Records, a independent Label started by Danniels, Wilson and RUSH. The cover featured the band's name printed in red (later reprinted as pink by Anthem Records) exploding from a back drop of white.
- History is a command used to see the last five commands you have entered.
- Nobody knows who first created the space station. Nobody knows how it works, but it seems to never break. Not only that, but nobody knows where it is as it floats aimlessly in space. All anyone knows is that it acts as a 'multiversal train station/airport' through use of portals littered throughout the station. Nobody really knows anything about the station. The station was. The station is. The station will be.
- History can also refer to the academic discipline which uses a narrative to examine and analyse a sequence of past events, and objectively determine the patterns of cause and effect that determine them. Historians sometimes debate the nature of history and its usefulness by discussing the study of the discipline as an end in itself and as a way of providing "perspective" on the problems of the present. Stories common to a particular culture, but not supported by external sources (such as the tales surrounding King Arthur) are usually classified as cultural heritage or legends, because they do not support the "disinterested investigation" required of the discipline of history. Events occurring prior to written record are considered prehistory. Herodotus, a 5th century B.C. Greek historian is considered within the Western tradition to be the "father of history", and, along with his contemporary Thucydides, helped form the foundations for the modern study of human history. Their work continues to be read today and the divide between the culture-focused Herodotus and the military-focused Thucydides remains a point of contention or approach in modern historical writing. In the Eastern tradition, a state chronicle the Spring and Autumn Annals was known to be compiled from as early as 722 BCE although only 2nd century BCE texts survived. Ancient influences have helped spawn variant interpretations of the nature of history which have evolved over the centuries and continue to change today. The modern study of history is wide-ranging, and includes the study of specific regions and the study of certain topical or thematical elements of historical investigation. Often history is taught as part of primary and secondary education, and the academic study of history is a major discipline in University studies.
- In a time before human comprehension, a strange being known as the Ether created the Earth. Exiled with his children from his own dimension for treason, he knew that he would he and his family would perish without the mystic energies that they once survived on, so he decided to do what he had to, to save his children. He wiped his three daughter’s memory so that they would not remember anything of their past lives and the world they had left. He created the Sun, Earth and Moon, and transformed his children into a type of creatures that would be known as deities. He hid his power in the center of the Sun and commanded that this power would attend to his children’s every whim. Then he died, his body slowly fading away into nothingness.
- This timeline briefly lists the history of TBT Mafia on The Bell Tree Forums.
- Setting- The world (we'll call it Earth for convenience) consists of one large supercontinent, surrounded by a large continuous ocean. Within the ocean are several strings of islands ranging in size from a rough approximation of Greenland at the largest, to Cuba at smallest. The mainland is an extremely mountainous terrain, dominate features include large extensive chains of mountains, vast deserts, and tundra. There are 16 Prominant City states on the mainland, and 3 on the various islands. Other collective groups of humanity exist on the islands in various forms of government but not as city states. Doramraz exists on the Southern Coast line of the Mainland. The important players in the war were the city states of Nienbrock, Colia, and Doramraz, with the other city states aligning themselves with either Nienbrock, or Colia. Nienbrock, a city state in the far North of the mainland, orchestrated several alliances with various other city states throughout the north, as well as several of the island nations. Colia, one of the city states on the most prominent island group in the east, declared that Nienbrock was becoming expansionist and subjugating the other city states. This was, in fact, true. The Tsar of Nienbrock had launched a campaign of conquest against the rest of the world along with his new found allies. The reason was simple, Nienbrock was being overlooked and over taxed by Colia- the main exporter of food on the planet. Nienbrock has never been able to produce enough food for its citizens due to its high latitude and mountainous terrain. In order to acquire new lands for farming and agriculture as well as obtaining strategic military positions, Nienbrock had pitted itself and its small coalition of allies against the world. At first it was thought that Colia, being the main superpower on the planet and having the strongest navy, would of course emerge victorious, and rapidly. This however was not the case. Nienbrock used its island allies to secure ports and easy access to the island fortress of Colia. The battle ships of Nienbrock rolled out their latest weapon of war- the tank. Nienbrock’s island hopping blitz crushed most of the weaker island nations rapidly, capturing port defenses so that the powerful Colian navy would have no where to dock, resupply, and repair. While the rest of the world took sides, Doramraz remained neutral during the conflict. Doramraz was supplying both sides with raw materials and prefabricated weapons and making a tidy profit. Doramrazian engineers supplied the world with the first war time Airship, selling it to Colia first in return for food stuffs and other necessary goods that Doramraz lacked. Doramraz enjoyed some degree of separation from the war, due to two things: 1) No one was willing to risk an attack on Doramraz, its natural barriers well defended by the augmentation of mountain top howitzers capable of covering the sky and the sea, a strong navy and military, as well as an air ship fleet. 2) No one was willing to risk losing their number one supplier of war time goods. Toward the end of the war however, the City State of Nienbrock grown bold from its many victories, did launch a campaign against Doramraz. After this brutal assault the city state of Doramraz could no longer sit by, and entered the war on the side of Colia and the Allied Forces. Eventually, with the aid of Doramraz, the forces of Nienbrock were driven back and beaten into submission. A very harsh treaty was reached preventing Nienbrock from producing weapons of war, or having a substantial standing military force. Likewise, a general ban on standing armies was put into place for the all of the city states. Since the end of the war in 1896 (64 Years Prior to the start of the RP) there hasn’t been a significant conflict. The only military forces in existence are small Airship, and Naval fleets, used to protect transport ships from pirates and the like. General use of military hardware is banned by international contract. Doramraz and Colia have enjoyed a good economic relationship since the end of the war, Doramraz shipping raw materials to Colia, and Colia shipping Doramraz food stuffs and other products. Doramraz’ defenses have mostly been dismantled. The war was significant because it was the first time that Airships were used in military combat. And because since the end of the war there has been a great stagnation in the development of new technologies. In all areas of life, there is a general feeling that everyone would like to go back to the way the world was before the war, this is evident in the dress of the upper class, who can afford to pretend it never happened by dressing in the elaborate garbs of the Pre-War World. The poor still wear the garments of the age of conflict, one of the only remaining reminders of the Last Great War. The war lasted from 1881, to 1896 it is the longest single conflict in the history of the world, and cost the most in terms of lives, money, and raw resources. It is likely the world will never recover completely from the “Unholy Affair” as it is sometimes called. Due to the educational system, and the general feeling of most of the world to pretend that it never happened, there are actually very few people who even know that it happened. Most of the veterans have either died already, or refuse to talk about it. The lingering psychological aftermath still exists, an uneasy relationship between a severely weakened Nienbrock and the rest of the world- even if no one can remember exactly why. There are no monuments to those that died during the war. It has been 64 years, and the world would rather pretend it never suffered a decade and a half of slaughter.
- Una History es un modo de entretenimiento confederado.
- This is a general page. If you are writing a history for your entry, please add a qualifier to the link. See Help:Format for more information. Thank you.
- and view latest history and Recently Closed Tabs, or you can go to History-->Show All History (Ctrl+Shift+H) to view all saved history in a pop-up window, or you can press Ctrl+H to view all history in a sidebar. This article is a . You can help My English Wiki by expanding it.
- The Alliance to Restore the Republic (Rebel Alliance) issues its declaration of New Republic from Coruscant and begins signing member worlds, leaving the Imperial Remnant to its civil wars. Dissatisfied with this policy, several senior Alliance veterans led by General Hermine Griifith resign their commissions and establish the Griffon Alliance on Cochran, pledged to the destruction of the Galactic Empire. The Caspian system declares its independence and is joined by the Krittain system forming the Caspian Democratic Union. Founder Dergan Roj dies weeks later of complications from Zithrom's Disease The Galactic Empire withdraws from the contested core systems. The Imperial Remnant is confined to the outer rim where warlords and Moffs vie for supremacy in the power vacuum, further depleting the Empire's military assets.
- History is the study of what happened in the past. At the moment generally everything that happened during the 20th Century and is history while what happened from the start of the 21st Century to the present is Geography or Current affairs. Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it [1] The rise of far right now, for example, is very similar to the rise of the right in Europe before the World War II. Sometimes we can learn from the past but other times conditions have changed so much that history cannot repeat itself.
- History is the thirty-first episode of Power Rangers SPD. It's the first crossover with the team from Power Rangers Dino Thunder.
- History, formerly known as The History Channel, is a US-based international satellite and cable TV channel owned by A&E Television Networks. It originally broadcast documentary programs and historical fiction series. However since 2008, it has mostly broadcast a variety of scripted "reality" television series and other nonhistory-related content. Vikings was created for History's Canadian version.
- LOEN Entertainment reveló a principios de abril del 2013 que se encontraba dispuesta para presentar a su primer grupo masculino de Idols: HISTORY, que constituiría un grupo alternativo de cinco miembros, que aspira a tomar los corazones de los amantes de la música a través de sonidos y presentaciones en vivo únicas. La agencia confirmó que HISTORY es un grupo que no se define por un género específico, sino por la pasión que sus miembros comparten por la música. "El grupo ira más allá de los estándares de sonido y actuaciones en vivo y establecerá un nuevo paradigma en el K-Pop", afirmó la empresa disquera. Junto con el anuncio, fueron revelados los miembros Kim Si Hyoung y Jang Yi Jeong, éste último participante de la segunda temporada del concurso de MBC 'Birth of a Great Star'. Con el paso de los días, los chicos ganaron atención, aún sin haber debutado, por la originalidad de los teasers que anunciaban su fecha de debut, lanzados en forma de mini-serie: 'Real Dating Tip Book'. Los teasers, daban consejos para conquistar chicas, pero su característica era hacerlo de forma irónica y divertida, éstos contaron con la participación de Jei de FIESTAR.
- The UK is full of historical sites and great museums such as the British Museum. Until the separate states of England (that included Wales) and Scotland merged to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707, following the negotiated Treaty of Union in 1706, much of the history of the island of Great Britain was concerned with periods of conflict and cooperation between these states. This has left a legacy of historic battlefields and impressive castles that are well worth a visit. Scotland's most famous battlefield - Bannockburn - now has a visitor centre where the story of the battle and its historic significance is presented in an interesting and informative way. The victory won by the Scots, led by Robert the Bruce, meant that Scotland won the war to ensure its continued independence from their southern neighbours, the English. The 1911 census has been posted online here. [1]
- This page gives you the opportunity to redirect to the original article that is on Wikipedia or stay on the American Football Database. Clicking on the link on this page will redirect to Wikipedia's History article. Take me to the [ History] article on Wikipedia. Click here to return to the American Football Database main page or just hit your browsers back button to return to your previous page. These Redirect pages should be eliminated in either of two ways.
* #1 Create a article of our own for this page.
* #2 On every page a History link exists make a direct link to the original Wikipedia article. Things to think about:
* #1 Creating our own page for this article may add a superfluous amount of pages.
* #2 Some of these article links may be on hundreds of pages that would need direct links. This article is a . You can help My English Wiki by expanding it.
- BBB = Before Bikini Bottom was founded ABB = After Bikini Bottom was founded _________________________________________________________________________________________ First Epoch The Early Days(10000 BBB - 400ABB) Biographies: Events: Seaquake X(3500 BBB) - Major Seaquake causing mass destruction; wiping out half of modern Bikini Bottom. Seaquake X got its name from its estimated magnitude: 10. Planktonic Wars(350 BBB - 0BBB/ABB) - Series of battles against the Bottomites and the Plankton. The Bottomites win and found Bikini Bottom. Fall of Plankton(380 - 450) ________________________________________________________________________________________ Second Epoch The Middle Ages(400 - 1400) Biographies: Events: Viking Voyage(900 - 1100) Planktonic Plague(1300 - 1400) ________________________________________________________________________________________ Third Epoch The Renaissance(1400 - 1750) Biographies: Events: ________________________________________________________________________________________ Fourth Epoch The Industrial Revolution(1750 - 1920) Biographies: Events: Bikini Bottom Civil War I(1775 - 1783) - Battles against Clean and Dirty Bikini Bottomites. Oceanic War I(1790 - 1815) ________________________________________________________________________________________ Fifth Epoch (aka the First Apocalypse) The Western Times(1830 - 1940) Biographies: Events: Bikini Bottom Civil War II(1861 - 1865) Oceanic War II(1915 - 1920) Oceanic War III(1940 - 1945) _________________________________________________________________________________________ Sixth Epoch (Today) Biographies: SpongeBob SquarePants Events: Bikini Bottom Restoration(1945 - 1980) Pop Era(1980 - 2015) __________________________________________________________________________________________ Seventh Epoch (aka the Second Apocalypse) Pop Future Era(2015 - 2115)
- History is everything that has happened before the present, such as breakfast. History cannot be properly taught in schools. Instead, hisotry should be felt in the gut. For example, if you feel that Richard Nixon and Elvis collaborated to invent the question mark, that is your right as an American. And only as an American. Non-Americans, aka "them," are not allowed to feel history beacause they are genetically born without a gut. History is also a television channel. Although watching television is better than reading books, History is still best learned from one's own gut.
- Sawfish was once called Sawmill. Unfortunately, "Sawmill" was trademarked by another company and the original project name has to be changed. Sawfish was chosen for three reasons,
* There are no other computer-related uses of the name (as checked in April 2000).
* It's similar enough to the old name to hopefully carry some recognition across.
* It has no tenuous relationship to window-managing. --- About the wiki, the first version was located on and maintained by Kevin Kane. After numerous vandals attacks, the wiki was disbanded. Clemens Fruhwirth stepped in, created , imported the old contents, kindly supplied by Kevin,, and started organizing the 3rd party extensions. A very early discussion on this Wiki itself is found here. This lasted until today when, with a community effort, was decided to move it to as Clemens asked for a new wiki maintainer.
- The history of the ocarina, like that of most musical instruments, is one of parallel developments, and many precursors, and early forms, and not all matters are agreed upon by scholars.
- The original En-Garde! rules started as a fencing system. The rules for regiments, mistresses, clubs and Social level arose from a desire to have duels have some amount of background. Thus the strategy part of the game was developed. This has taken more of a role-playing element on the internet and play-by-mail games. Along with additional house rules, the play of the game in many cases is more important than social climbing, and dueling (the original reason for the entire system) is usually minimized. The original game was meant to be played face-to-face (FTF) and the dueling system works well in that format, however it is impractical on the net, and impossible in PBM gaming to resolve duels properly in reasonable time. Most games of en-garde feature dueling in either an abstract manner, or though computer simulation and pre-planned dueling instructions.
- Articles relating to the history of Anarchies.
- The history of Arbre is inspired by Earth's history while diverging in some critical areas. It is told throughout Anathem in both the novel and in additional texts, such as the added chronology in the Introduction. In historical Arbre dates, the year Zero is the year of the Reconstitution. Years before reconstitution are denoted using negative numbers; years after Reconstitution are listed with the suffix A.R., which stands for After Reconstitution.
- Detailed history of the server.
- Dis page ees dildos.
- Far across the universe there was a great fusion of matter, and a unique world came into being. Atys, the green planet, was born. The Life Giver then heaved the planet's crust in spasms until the first breath was wrenched from her bosom in a throbbing burst of energy. Seeds of existence were sown on the wind. The primeval roots were soon sprouting green tendrils into the sky, fowl were soaring on the wing, and beasts romping in the frenetic miracle of Life. And still the green planet's tendrils thrived in an inexorable outward surge towards the sun forming many thousands of meters of organic strata. The surface of Atys soon revealed a prodigious variety of vibrant ecosystems as the swelling vegetal matter emerged from an ocean of mist into continents. Beneath the surface of each new layer of ligneous crust, a parallel bionetwork was also evolving, intricately weaved together with the mathematical grace that Nature only knows. This never-ending labyrinth of verdant caverns and underground galleries hosted a world of its own which came to be known as the Prime Roots. And reaching high up into the sky above the Bark, like a tree extending its branches towards the sun, the tendrils entwined into an immense network of interwoven Canopies. And there too, Atys supported life superbly. Atys came to be inhabited by humanoid beings known as Homins : the Matis, the Trykers, the Fyros and the Zoraïs. These four homin peoples evolved independently into four intricate cultures which in turn developed into civilizations. Each civilization had an innate predilection for a distinct environment. The Matis settled in the forests of Atys where they soon laid down the foundations of a monarchy. In their craving for power, these regal lords quickly extended their dominions to the outer limits of the forest lands. Over time, their natural penchant for the powerful and the lordly led them to build up a very strong relationship with the Karavan. Nobody knew who the Karavan really were. They were Jena's faithful disciples, that was reason enough to want to gain their favor! For Jena was the supreme goddess, the Life Giver of Atys, and the Karavan were invested with a mission to uphold homin faith in her. To steer homins on the path to salvation they wielded weird technology capable of taking life or resurrecting it at the lift of a finger; and offered great rewards for "favors" done. The eccentric and spirited Trykers made their home in the lake lands. These wily hedonists were smaller in stature than the other homins and their nimbleness and sleight of hand gave them a reputation for thieving. But really they were good-hearted homins who simply harbored a love for play and trickery and a passion for adventure. To escape the overbearing regard of their Matis neighbors, they sought alliance with the Fyros. Trykers would convey water supplies to Fyros cities in exchange for Fyros protection. The great Fyros people formed settled communities in the hostile deserts where not even the Matis would be tempted to challenge their resources and livelihood. In due course, the Fyros built up a respected if not feared Empire, whose scholars were ever eager to find out the truth behind the Dragon of Atys. The mysterious Zoraïs were very tall, their skin was blue, and the mask they wore was genetically sown into their faces. They soon took root in the dense jungles, well away from the barbarity of the other civilizations. It is written that they were led there in response to a spiritual calling and swiftly became friends with creatures known as the Kamis. The Kamis were elusive magical entities able to take on manifold shapes and sizes. They could be mighty and wrathful one minute and play as cheery as children the next. For many an Atysian it was a job to decide whether they were good or evil - except for the Karavan who could not abide them and whose technology could not tame them... For others they were the very epitome of the spirit of Atys. The way they stood vigil over the plant kingdom, and the way not a living soul could escape their perception suggested an intimate bond with the Living Planet. The Kamis showed great benevolence towards the homins who clearly roused the creatures' curiosity. Indeed, they would follow a homin for days on end, and then suddenly vanish in a flourish of color and laughter that could induce slumber and dreams for several days thereon! At times they were liken to children of another kind, which some say is why they first appeared to the Trykers! Despite the many crises that came to blight interhomin relations, each of the civilizations thrived and prospered… until the day the Kitins came. Kitins were huge insects that inhabited the Prime Roots. One day, in their interminable quest for the Dragon, Fyros excavators uncovered a nest of the creatures. Fraught with fear and horror, their immediate reflex was to destroy the first giant insects they came across. But alerted by the slaughter, legions of soldier kitins suddenly surged forth from underground galleries to eradicate what they considered as their natural enemy. And so the Great Swarming began... Homin cities were decimated after epic battles, entire populations were massacred and precious knowledge lost. And still the kitins spread over the Bark like wildfire and one after the other the great civilizations crumbled to dust. Many homins were able to escape through mysterious teleportation 'rainbows' leading to safe haven until these too were destroyed by kitins. Homins remaining in the infested lands could but flee into the wilds where they were forced to live nomadic lives in constant fear of kitin attack... Then one day heroic travelers, bold as they were unexpected, came from afar in search of the surviving homin communities with a message : homin civilizations were being rebuilt in new lands of promise! Young refugees in their droves have since been urged by their elders to risk the long and perilous journey to join the newly flourishing civilizations in the newfound lands. For great need there is for guilds, and homins eager to improve their skills and talents to help forge the destiny of their people. All hands are welcome, there is still much to do, and many a danger to overcome: kitins still patrol in the wilds, invasions still all too often occur; and many areas are beset by the pestilent Goo, a dreaded disease that ravages habitats and makes the wildlife rabid. The last fifty years have given a fair share of laughter and tears, trial and tribulation to each of the four civilizations. For the time being homin relations are fair, though it would take little more than a crafter's hammer to break the peace. For there are many ways to drive a civilization on… and increasing tension between the Kamis and the Karavan can only fuel the fire of distrust... Certainly, there are many questions yet to be answered. What is the origin of hominkind ? No proof of homin evolution on Atys has yet been found. Is Jena really the almighty creator of Atys that the Karavan claim her to be ? Does Jena really exist ? Doubt is growing in homin hearts. And who are the Karavan really ? Why do they keep themselves locked up in their strange suits ? Why do they hate the Kamis so much ? What is behind the bond between the Kamis and Atys ? What is Atys ? Behind these mysteries the key to the destiny of Atys resides, and the fate of hominkind lies. While rebuilding their civilizations, homins will soon have to look deeper into these questions to grasp the true Nature of Atys. For time is already running short. The destiny of Atys is about to change hands. Someone, or something already has their sights on the Green Planet, looking for the Ryzom.
- The history of Equatia has a lot to do with the environment of the country. Because Equatia’s land is very fertile and soft for farming and the weather is also very nice, there were many wars that were fought for possession of the country. Before those conflicts, though Equatia was ruled by a much larger country, Mathematica. Mathematica used to be made up of many different countries, Equatia, Calculatia, Trigonometria, and so on. Before the war, Equatia didn’t exist; it was part of two countries, called Geometrica and Algebracia. Mathematica used to be a free and loved country. The rulers were very nice and were loved by everyone, but one day, that all changed. A drought spread across the mainland of Mathematica so they had no food to eat.
- History is a bunch of stuff that happens.
- History is a school book.
- History may refer to:
- History of the P2P Wiki.
- History of the VM Knights.
- History 係世史科呀!
- At times, historical facts may be hard to determine, since certain literary sources may contain contradictory information, for example, most accounts indicate that Kal-El was sent to Earth already born, in a Space Ark, while one inexplicable account states that he was sent in a birth matrix, and wasn't born until he was on Earth. A person who travels through time has the ability to change history, by altering past events and creating an alternate timeline. Marvin White was once watching an educational program on G.E.E.C. TV, and he learns that fourth grade history teaches that America was discovered by Christopher Columbus. Mr. Mergen blamed man's history for the conditions of the world. Because man continues to repeat the mistakes made by men in the past. The Raven described the Washington Monument as a building "rich in tradition and history."
- Tsukuba is a planned city that came into existence as a result of a plan that received approval from the Japanese cabinet in 1973. On November 30, 1987, Oho Town, Toyosato Town, Yatabe Town, and Sakura Village merged to become Tsukuba City. Tsukuba City, also known as Tsukuba Science City, became the 20th new city in Ibaraki Prefecture and the 655th new city in Japan. Tsukuba Town merged with Tsukuba City the following year, and on November 1, 2002, Kukizaki Town completed the process.
- History is the study of the past.
* American West Image:Fish1.gif This article is a , and is very fishy. You can help My English Wiki by expanding it, removing the non-GCSE content or improving it.
- LGBT history refers to the history of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender cultures around the world, dating back to the first recorded instances of same-sex love and sexuality within ancient civilizations. Among historical figures, some were recorded as having relations with others of their own sex — exclusively or together with opposite-sex relations — while others were recorded as only having relations with the opposite sex. However, the history of the former, marked as it is by persecution and misunderstanding, has often been overlooked or suppressed. The field of LGBT history is thus relatively new. In recent times, some countries have begun to observe "LGBT History Month" to recognize the contributions and events related to LGBT communities.
- Contract bridge is a member of trick-taking card game, originally developed from Whist.
- The series originated on London's comedy club circuit during the late 1970s. Most of the cast gained popularity at The Comedy Store. Alexei Sayle was the prominent act, drawing attention as the manic, aggressive compere. Adrian Edmondson and Rik Mayall worked as the double act, 20th Century Coyote, which later became The Dangerous Brothers. Nigel Planer was in a double act with Peter Richardson called "The Outer Limits." As The Comedy Store became popular, Sayle, 20th Century Coyote and The Outer Limits, with French and Saunders and Arnold Brown, set up their own club called The Comic Strip in the Raymond Revue Bar club in Soho. The Comic Strip became one of the most popular comedy venues in London, and came to the attention of Jeremy Isaacs of Channel 4. Peter Richardson then negotiated a deal for six self-contained half-hour films, using the group as comedy actors rather than stand-up performers. The first of this series, The Comic Strip Presents..., was on Channel 4 on 2 November 1982. In response, the BBC began negotiations with Edmondson, Mayall, Richardson, Planer and Sayle to star in a sitcom in a similar style. Paul Jackson was installed as a producer. The series was written by Mayall with his then-girlfriend Lise Mayer, and with Ben Elton (who had attended the University of Manchester with Mayall and Edmondson). Richardson was originally set to play Mike, but clashed with Jackson. He was replaced by Christopher Ryan, the only member of the group who wasn't a stand-up comedian
- This article currently only covers the main branch of history.
- Americas Role in the World from 1870-1953 America first approached the world by remaining neutral and extending a lending hand to those in financial distress. Those countries that were in need looked at America as an avenue and a resource. This brought upon responsibilities that America had not experienced before. As the years continued and the standards of living and the economy began to change, America could no longer stay in neutral mode. America sought to be the world’s dominating power in both a military and an economical standpoint. America strived to be elite, have control, and provide the best not only for the people in America but for the world. National Security became the way of life for America. The United States believed that in order to have military power it needed to govern the sea. America’s objective to become an extensive military power involved support from the American people and the economy. Such was the demand from other nations, along with America itself, that the military soared in numbers in both aspects. The relationship between the military and the economy was established. With expansion on the agenda, the military in this time period emerged. President Roosevelt stated, “Chronic wrong doing might require the intervention by some civilized nation in the affairs of others. This may force the U.S. to exercise police power”. Having a vast military to protect America and the security of other people became America’s duty. The motives that drew the U.S. to such foreign political standards are as follows: the fear of other country’s political uprisings, and competition to become the worlds dominating power economically. The assumption that the U.S.S.R., under the rule of the communist leader Stalin, would spread to other nations created a fear for America. America felt the need to take measures to control communism from spreading and contain it from dominating the world. The relationship with other countries became fierce and grew cold as they competed for world domination. America’s ideology in governing and spreading capitalism was based on the idea of “free peoples”. America opposed empires and the beliefs of ruling and governing the people. America believed in citizens running their nation and if called upon an uprising, the people should and could arise to the situation. The value of freedom, reform, welfare, high standards of living, and perspectives was the composure that established foreign policy.
- I suppose, if you know everything, life is worthless and therefore, ends your existence-Dyster Head Mystic
- On August 6, 2007, the day that Jagex released the Clan Chat feature, Soldier 1033, along with a friend (Pbcamper150) decided to make a clan. Soldier 1033 stood at the Rimmington house portal for quite awhile gaining new members, and Pbcamper searched the Forums and gained us a very loyal clan member as well. The clan was known as Saradomin's Army. The first member to join was another friend of Soldier's and Pb's, M2r2p2. Other original members included Owlboy1, Jys072595, and Cwgrant. A few days later while at a Castle Wars event, several other members (Reven276, Jetblast11, and Hunsterssoul) joined SA. Big Mike265 also joined the clan around that time.
- The first American president George Washington had long argued for the creation of a university in the District of Columbia. In his will, he bequeathed fifty shares of the Potomac Company to support such an institution. He wrote, "I give and bequeath in perpetuity the fifty shares which I hold in the Potomac Company (under the aforesaid Acts of the Legislature of Virginia) towards the endowment of a University to be established within the limits of the District of Columbia, under the auspices of the General Government, if that Government should incline to extend a fostering hand towards it." The shares turned out to not be worth very much, but Washington's idea for a university continued. Aware of Washington's wishes, Baptist missionaries and leader minister Luther Rice raised funds to purchase a site for a college to educate citizens in Washington, D.C. A large building was constructed on College Hill, which is now known as Meridian Hill, and on February 9, 1821, President James Monroe approved the congressional charter creating the non-denominational Columbian College in the District of Columbia. The first commencement exercises in 1824 were considered an important event for new Washington, D.C.. They were attended by President Monroe, John C. Calhoun, Henry Clay, Marquis de Lafayette, and other dignitaries. During the Civil War, most students left to join the Confederacy and the college's buildings were used as a hospital and barracks. Walt Whitman was among many of the volunteers to work on the campus. After the Civil War in 1873, the Columbian College became the Columbian University and the university moved to its present location. In 1904, the Columbian University became The George Washington University in an agreement with the George Washington Memorial Association. The George Washington University, like much of Washington, D.C., traces many of its origins back to the Freemasons. The Bible that the presidents of the university use to swear an oath on upon inauguration is the Bible of Freemason George Washington. Freemasonry symbols have blatantly been located all throughout campus including the foundation stones of many of the university buildings. The Freemasons feel a special bond in helping the school throughout its history financially.
- History (Intelligence) History is the skill of those characters who have studied history and are familiar with all the pertinent events that have led up to the current political situation. It is considered a High Skill.
- This is a timeline of Aurtherian history, starting at the settlement of Aurtheria. 380PC- First barbarian tribes settle on Autheria 365PC- Cheif Gurak-kar unites the five largest tribes through war and victory. 350PC- Cheif Gurak-kar dies. His son, Tumak-kar, takes over. 334PC- Morian Catapult invented by tribal cheif (name unknown). 320PC- Calarian settlers land on Autheria. 315PC- Tumak-kar killed by Calarian warlord ending the Kar family reign. 302-290PC- Calarians fight for control of southern Autheria with the five major tribes. The war ends in Calarian victory. 284PC- Calarian lord Sersalan creates the Code of Sersalan, a law of the country. This code was never excepted by the tribes. 280PC- Egyptian settles discover Autheria, but are driven off by the Calarians. 270PC- Tenerians land on Autheria. 262-258PC- Tenerian Calarain war, which ends in Tenerian victory. Tenerians take control over the five tribes. 249PC- Tribes decide they don't like the Tenerians, or each other, thus begining the war of "Tentus Arye" (six powers) 248PC- Teneria leaves after finding itself unable to control the warring tribes. 240PC- Potters wheel invented 239PC- Four more tribes enter the struggle for control. 235PC- Savan-tol re-unites the nine tribes through peace, unlike Gurak-kar. Unfortunately, this peace only lasts until 230PC. 230PC- Tribes overthrough Savan-tol. 220PC- Primitive version of the crossbow invented by an unknown member of the Tol family. 215PC- "Aryel Kan" (powerful king) takes over two of the tribes briefly, but dies of typaheptis within four months of his reign. 195-190PC- Latin introduced to Autheria through Tenefrian settlers. Latin blends in with the native dialects over time to form African Latin, Autheria's current language. 180PC- Lolayans discover Autheria, but find it too climatically hostile so they leave. 173PC- Onor-Mal introduces a set of laws to the tribes which are not accepted because they give too much power to Onor-Mal's tribe. 160PC- Drageg is first mentioned on a stone tablet that dates to around 160PC. 159PC- Sailboat invented by cheif Tikaf-Mal. 130-125PC- Mal and Tol family tribes war. The war ends in a short-lived truce. 124PC- Tol tribe member kills Tikaf-Mal ending the Mal family line. 110PC- Early Irrigations systems developed. 90PC- Asak-Sor tries unsucessfully to take over the other tribes. 39PC- Calarians come back, but are driven off by the Sor family. 20PC- Aurther lands with his army from Tenefria. 15PC- Auther's army forces the tribes to make peace and kills off the most pugnacious tribes. 2PC- Auther sets out the first accpeted law code and officially names Autheria after him. He also names his son Autherin. 9PAC- Auther dies, and his son takes over. Autherin son pledges his soul to a high saint, gaining him immortality with the exeption of a pasive life. 13PAC- Despite his immortality, Autherin is ovethrown by his cousin, Corix. 14PAC- Corix stengthens the Autherian family line by building up a strong military. 28PAC- Corix drives off Tenerian raiders. 32PAC- Corix dies and his brother, Hosef, suceeds him peacefully. 45PAC- Hosef squashes a rebellion by some of the remaining tribes. 70PAC- Abasat invented by a Autherian family member. 80-110PAC- Autherian family continues to rule until a epedimic of typaheptis breaks out, killing thousands. 115PAC- Country breaks out into chaos. 1A- Aris manages, for the first time, to unite the entire country through peace sucessfully. 4A- Aris builds on the Autherian family code and dismantles the violence between the tribes. 10A- Oracle discovered. 16A- Oracle convinces tribal cheifs to unite angainst Aris. 20A- Aris discovers how to control endomisyme and teaches the method to Celdon. 25A- Aris dies. His son Celdon suceeds him. 32A- Lolayan plow invented. -Celdon signs Treaty of Sareltop which allows for temporary peace with the tribes. 37A- Danus, Celdon's Adviser, dies of age. Celdon chooses Pallix to replace him. 45A- Tribes break the peace treaty and war again. 51A- Celdon dies and is suceeded by Pallix. 52A- Celdon's cousin, Armed, claims that he (being a member of Aris's bloodline) should be king instead of Pallix. 56A- Armed gathers together supporters who he calls the Ignians. He raises an army and tries, unsucessfully, to ovethrow Pallix. -Automatic crossbow invented for war by an Ignatian general. 58A- Armed gathers three of the tribes together and prepares for another war, but dies of typaheptis before his plans are carried out. 60A- A series of hurricanes hit Aurtheria causing massive flooding. Pallix responds by helping Aurtherian peasants migrate north to avoid the floodwaters. 64A- Pallix dies of age. He is suceeded by his brother, Taskan.
- During the colonial period, various claims to the Pacific Northwest were made by Russia, Spain, and the United Kingdom. The United States established a claim following the exploration of the region by the Lewis and Clark Expedition. From the 1810s until the 1840s, modern-day Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and western Montana, along with most of British Columbia, were part of the Oregon Country, which was jointly administered by the United States and the United Kingdom after the Treaty of 1818. John McLoughlin of the Hudson's Bay Company was the de facto local political authority for most of this time. This arrangement ended as U.S. settlement grew and Polk was elected on a platform of "Fifty-Four Forty or Fight"; after a war scare with the United Kingdom, the two nations negotiated the 1846 Oregon Treaty, partitioning the region along the 49th parallel and resolving most (but not all) of the border disputes. British Columbia, the UK portion, joined the Dominion of Canada in 1871. The U.S. portion became the Oregon Territory; it was later subdivided into territories that were eventually admitted as states. This article is a stub. Please help PNWcommunity by expanding it.
- Reiki was founded by Mikao Usui... This article is a . You can help My English Wiki by expanding it.
- One of the best places to go for detailed history of Pakistan is:
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- The Community Communication Project was inspired by an epiphany that Philip Luckey had in 1993, while doing the camerawork for a documentary on Chattanooga Venture's ReVision 2000 (a continuation of the successful Vision 2000 events in 1984). He began to surmise, What If... these grassroots, community-focused facilitated meetings were to happen more often than every decade or so? What If... there were an environment or setting within a community where the people could learn how to communicate better and, in the process, share more with each other, all on a regular basis (weekly, daily, hourly)? Philip's early attempts at finding ways to realize parts of this vision had mixed success. A large part of the problem (then and now) was adequately explaining what he was trying to do. In 1994 Philip worked together with others in the Chattanooga area who had similar interests in broadening how the city communicated, leading to the creating of Community Link -- an effort to put together an information resource for the community as well as the means to access it. Here is a partial transcript of the very first meeting, and here are some old emails (1993 1994) that touched on the subject (thanks to flutterby for archiving the emails!). In a sense, this meant a "bulletin board system" mixed with databases and lists (content), and public access computer-based kiosks scattered around town on street corners, in libraries and schools as well as more individual access to information (distribution). Though this scratched the surface of the potential for community communication, the Community Link eventually ground to a halt after a few years; in hindsight, the goals were perhaps too optimistic given the resources and capabilities available at the time. The advent of the Internet and the World Wide Web led to a later appreciation of what the group had been aiming for, as well as raising the bar. As time passed, Philip continued to be haunted by the over-arching vision of "a community that communicates effectively and efficiently." How, though, would he achieve that? Perhaps a convening a "Community Communication Conference" to educate and intertwine existing organizations and citizens? Or putting together a living laboratory - a Community Communication Workshop - to test theories and ideas in a real-world setting? Along the way, he wants to discover or develop guidelines for creating that infrastructure for distribution; perhaps it could scale to suit a neighborhood, a campus, a city, a nation? As he says, "Our communities are content-rich, but distribution-poor." Now, in 2005, Philip has decided to make another concentrated effort to move closer toward understanding that "vision of the Big Picture" burned into him over ten years ago: By identifying and inspiring people, by gathering information, by discovering support and partnerships, and by finding ways to test the ideas of how communities can share information within themselves.
- Libertarian Dominance (2430-2459) Alorian politics are dominated by the Moderate Libertarian Party (MLP) and the Constitution Party, with largely similar laissez-faire ideological goals. Their signature legislation is the “flat budget,” in which all ministries are awarded the same low amount of funding each year. The Democratic Rationalists (DRs) are new but emerging force under dynamic leadership of future President Solomon Kane. Their motto: "A New Order for the Ages." The Big Deal (2459-2474) Solomon Kane elected President as DRs align with Alorian Free Democrats (AFD). “Big Deal” economic reforms are enacted, including provisions for a minimum wage, and some expansions in health and social service programs. But funding remains sparse, as the MLP/CP coalition defeats most tax and budget bills necessary to implement the reforms. Kane’s proposed “Treaty for International Wage Standards” gains some traction abroad, but is never approved by the Senate. Budget Wars (2474-2520) DR/AFD alliance defeats the flat budget. Cuts are made to some ministries, increases are made to others. What follows are “budget wars,” as political battles are fought over how much funding each ministry will receive. Over the course of time, MLP and its allies dominate. The Presidency is held for a longtime by Libertarian Daniel Mansfield. Budgets for all ministries are drastically cut. By 2520, Alorian federal spending accounts for less than %1 of GDP. One general calls it a “miracle” that Aloria is not attacked by foreign invaders. In Ultran and to a lesser extent in Slidar, a new political phenomenon known as the "Publitrican Movement" of social conservative and economic progressive principles is emerging. Various factions are merged together under the leadership of Colgate Herman Johnson, a silver spoon wealthy elite. He runs as the Presidential Candidate on a Publitrican Party (PP) ticket, and has moderate success, though never coming close to winning. The party, which is later known as the Alorian Public Union (APU) picks up many seats in parliament. Progressive Renaissance Dawns (2520) Coalition consisting of DR, People's Reform Party (PRP), APU, Democratic Centrist Party (DCP), and the Alorian Free Democrats (AFD) unites to implement reforms including a voluntary national religion, and dramatic increases in the role of the national government in Alorian life. Over the course of about two decades, federal government spending rises from less than %1 of GDP to just under %20 of GDP. A mandatory living wage is enacted. Social Security, National Health Care, and National Welfare plans are enacted and sustained. Colton White of the Democratic Rationalist Party is elected President, replacing and defeating Mansfield, with the coalition's mandate. Nelson Cudderboard of the APU is elected by parliament as his Prime Minister. The Politics of Polarity (2527-2551) Despite their success in the Parliament, divisions within the progressive coalition prevent it from holding the Presidency, which the MLP regains after two terms of Colton White (who had decided not to run for a third term, instead selecting Prime Minister Cudderboard to run in his place as the coaltion canididate). Newly elected MLP President Jack Vincent attempts to reassert Libertarian power from the Presidential Palace when he orders the Cabinet disbanded, and locks all Cabinet heads out of the Old Executive Office Building. Finance Minister Sojourner Smart challenges the lockout in court. Chief Judge Carmine Delgado, an MLP appointee, writes an opinion declaring that Aloria's constitutional "separation of powers" between the Head of Government and the President bar the President from unilaterally shutting down the Cabinet. Though Vincent complies with the decision, Cabinet business remains held at the Lambrecht Office Complex, a building rented during the lockout as a temporary Cabinet headquarters. The Old Executive Office Building is converted first into a homeless shelter, and later into a museum. Vincent is not re-elected and the progressive coalition retakes the presidancy. Nelson Cudderboard is President for two terms, with former President Colton White as his Prime Minister. After Cudderboard's two terms, the coalition collapses over the issue of state-aknowledged religion. MLP recaptures the Presidancy with their candidate Vincento Vanzetti V, but libertarianism sees little success in its parliamentary bills and in crafting government policy. Hartsen Caddy of the APU assumes the Prime Ministership, as the old coalition parties seek to rebuild their alliance and regain the cheif executive seat. For decades however, Vanzetti is President, while the progressives control parliament and its Prime Minister Hartsen Caddy acts as the voice of opposisition to the Libertarian President. The Democratic Socialist Party (DSP) emerges as does the Progressive Conservative Party (PCP). The former will bloc with the progressives, the latter more so with the MLP. Rise and Fall of the Liberals (2551-2558) The newly formed Liberal Party bursts onto the scene, capturing the plurality of seats in the Parliament as well as the Presidential Palace in Libertia. However, Liberal Party support precipitously drops off over the course of the next two election cycles. Historians still debate the causes and nature of this flash in the pan movement. Their one term President Albert Mora, seeks to curb the polarity in politics, to little avail. Meanwhile, the DSP cements it alliance with the Progressive Coaltion. The United Republican Party (URP) emerges, as does the Proud of Aloria Party. A Nation Divided (2558-2568) President Ben Thompson of the Democratic Centrist Party is elected as the Progressive Coalition rallies to elect its first President in years. The War of Luthori Succession comes to Aloria's attention. The Gerahon (Luthori) Imperial Diet votes to amend its constitution to abolish the country's entrenched monarchy. Imperial forces rebel, enlisting the aid of fellow monarchist governments from around Terra. As it appears Republican forces will be defeated, talk begins in leadership circles of a possible intervention to "promote democracy abroad." Aloria's covert agency, DRACO, began operations in Luthori, the Ministry of Foriegn Affairs sent weapons and aid to the Republican Millitias, and 1,000 Alorian Advisors were sent as well. Terrorists affiliated with the MLP use explosives to destroy several military recruiting facilities across to protest possible Alorian intervention in Gerahon. MLP agents contact numerous soldiers to encourage them to desert. Some soldiers do, though the exact numbers are disputed. In some provinces, however, recruiting increases as a wave of patriotism sweeps the nation in response to the terror attacks. Articles of impeachment are submitted to the Parliament. Most parties do not vote on the bill. However, a majority of parties that do vote vote for President Thompson's impeachment. At his later trial, however, President Thompson is quickly acquitted of any wrongdoing. The MLP is censured by the Parliament for its affiliations with terrorists and slanders of the President. Much went into the next elections of 2565. Socialist Prime Minister William Fletcher, a big proponet of intervention in Luthori, ran as the candidate of the Progressive Coalition, the successor to President Thompson. The MLP ran former President and perenial candidate, son of the MLP President from decades ago, Jack Vincet Jr. The Election was big win for Fletcher, who soon sent 150,000 Alorian Troops to Luthori. The country was currently in a ceasfire, the intent was to strengthen the Republican side of the peace talks. Eventually, the war came to an end, and while throughout their deployment their was a ceeasfire, 148 Alorian soldiers were killed in guerillia raids. The Poltics of Coalition (2568-2575) Tired of losing to the Progressive Coalition, conservatives in the United Republican Party, the Proud of Aloria Party, and the New Liberals band together to form their own coalition, the Front for Liberty. Their goal is to appeal to center-right voters alienated by MLP's unyielding dogmatism. In 2568, Front For Liberty candidate Peter Alderson of the Proud of Aloria Party defeats President William Fletcher's bid for re-election, but the FFL coalition fails to win enough seats in Parlaiment to overcome the Progressive Coalition's majority there. Peter Alderson's proved to be a weak presidency, and next election saw an overwhelming defeat and Socialist and Progressive Coalition Candidate William Fletcher's re-election to that office. The Progressive Conservative Party, soon to be renamed the Conservative Union Party, added its party to the ranks of the Progressive Coalition. New Challenges and Triumphs for the Progressive Coalition (2575-?) Once by far the plurality party, MLP now saw itself undergoing an identity crisis, as the old party leadership is usurped by a once minor Libertarain Socialist faction. Vincento Vanzetti VII and Vincento Vanzetti VIII, grandson and great grandson of the President Vinceto Vanzetti V and thus part of what is considered part of the party's aristocracy, soon after were found dead at their respective homes. While local authorities ruled it a suicide, due to its ominous circumstances, then Minister of Justice Horatio Riley Herman, a distant relative of APU founder Colgate Herman Johnson and in his own right war hero of the Luthori War, ordered an investigation of the deaths. When the Libertarian Socialist Leadership of the new party refused to co-operate, he ordered a legally binding subpeona which parliament approved. The party still refuesed to co-operate, and in fact showed up at the parliamentary building armed. A full year after the Vanzetti deaths, the investigation was closed the deaths ruled a suicide. Still, as punishment for obstruction of justice Minister Herman had LS leadership who held law degrees disbarred and ordered that the party lose its adminstrative privelages in the parliamentary building as a large seat hold party revoked. When an independent court overtuned Herman actions, he resigned from his office. Later that evening, in a vicious act of vandalism, Vanzetti XVII corpse was thrown onto the front lawn of Herman's property. The recent controversy surronding the new party's leadership turned off many of MLP's old constituents. There was protesting and later riots at the party's convention in 2577, and soon the Libertarian Socialist faction was thrown out of its leadership role in the party. Former Libertarian President Jack Vincent Jr., now 83, again took up the mantle of party leadership, running as the party's presidential candidate later that year. Next Elections proved to be decisive for the Progressive Coalition. A boost in government spedning on Health and Human Services had recently caused an overall economic boom in Aloria, and thiss boded well for the Progressive Coalition. For the first time in centures. Presidential elections did not go into a second round, the Coalition's candidate Democratic Rationalist Millicent Smith winning in the first round with more then 52% of the vote. The Coalition also won 446 seats in the 750 seat parliament, its largest majority yet. All provinces but the long Libertarian stronghold of Krentori voted to grant its plurality of parliamentray seats to a Progressive party.
- The Weakest Link began broadcasting on BBC Two on August 14, 2000. It was created and devised by Fintan Coyle and Cathy Dunning. Since its debut, it has made and aired over 1000 episodes, marking the 1000th episode in December 2006.
- The city (Mueang) had 104,318 registered inhabitants in 2007. But like Bangkok Metropolis, that figure excludes the large number of people who work in Pattaya but remain registered in their hometowns, and many long-term expatriate visitors. Including non-registered residents, the population numbers around 300,000 at any given time. Other estimates put the figure as high as 500,000
- The Jiu Valley is Romania’s principal coal mining region. Two other areas in Romania have some surface mining, while the Jiu Valley contains deep shaft underground mines. While providing only 12% of the Romania’s supply of coal, the Jiu Valley is the only region in Romania both completely urbanized and reliant on a single industry. Coal mining has been long been the heart and economic lifeline for the Jiu Valley. The development of coal mining started in the Jiu Valley about 150 years ago around the middle of the 19th century when Polish, Czech and German workers were brought from all parts of the Habsburg Empire to work in the coal mines. The mines were privately owned until the end of the Second World War when Romania surrendered to the invading Soviet army and switched sides. As part of Romania’s reparations to the Soviet Union for its wartime alliance with Germany, the Romanian coal mines were nationalized and converted into joint Soviet-Romanian companies (SovRoms). These Sovroms continued for about ten years.
- I joined AirCoaster on January 14, 2014, although I didn't have a profile until March 3, 2014. I have had 3 first pagers, one of them hit, named Thief, which was a B&M Flier. Blitz 2, the sequel to my track Blitz, as the name implies, was a Intamin Blitz, and a Vekoma Motorbike named Gale Force stuck on first. i have entered many contests, including Stride's IACTMT, in which I am participating now, and RPP's TNGM 3, which will start in May 2015. I will make a contest section soon. My most downloaded track is Thief, which is almost at 300 downloads. Folllowing that is an Intamin Strata called Cop Car Chase, which, when I find time, will make a sequel to. My five star tracks are plentiful, ranging from Thief, to Cop Car Chase, to Blitz. My upcoming tracks are always improving, and I am a rising star in AirCoaster. I am known to be a nice and helpful user, but when I get seriously ticked off I have been known to cuss people out.
- One day in real life time (RLT) corresponds to one month or one third of a season in game time. For reference, 2009 April 23 is Late Spring of Year 2. (Seasons are divided into "Early", "Mid" and "Late".) The below events are approximate, because many of the exact dates are fuzzy in the memory of Shintolin elders. See also: the Chronicles of Shintolin __TOC__
- Also see: Key Ages of Digibutter History This is where we place the history of digibutter section by section: Nintendo released the 3rd installation in the Paper Mario, Super Paper Mario. It instantly began to race up the charts, becoming one of the 'best' games in history. Was it the clever plot? The tied in romance? The memorable quotes? One could say that's what drew them too it, fine. But for many who played it, one thing caught their eye. Chapter 3-1, When Geeks Attack! When Tippi is...Tippinapped, the geeky chameleon captor, Francis, mentions a little website we'd like to call Digibutter.nerr. For many, this wasn't a big thing. But for others, this was the goldmine of the game... One day, a mass of pixels and words we'd like to call a website sprung up. Digibutter.nerr.biz. At first glance, it wasn't too promising, the only members Admin and Francis. But as if out of nowhere, people were attracted to the site. Within a week, the memberlist pages were filling up fast, SPM fans eager to find the legendary website... On this date, Digibutter was upgraded to the brand new Nerr 1.5 software.
- History is a detailed record of human events germane to the fantasies of historians, especially devious ones. All other types of events, such as nose picking, are omitted. Before the invention of the gramophone, it was written in blood. From the 1970's onward, history came to be recorded with a candid camera. The record of history is commonly thought superior to the CD re-release. The study of history has produced many aphorisms. Notable among them: the ground doesn't burn; eat your mutton everyday; a wizard is dead on your doorstep (EP); let's not; don't shoot the vanguard. No field of endeavour is entirely divorced from the subject matter it studies. They can usually get a separation.
- Fastball is an American rock band that formed in Austin, Texas in the 1990s. The band originally called themselves "Magneto U.S.A" but changed their name after signing with Hollywood Records. Fastball arrived on the rock scene during an era when the classic, straightforward melodic style of bands like the Beatles had become music history. But the group didn't let that stop them. They filled a niche that had no competition when they released their debut, Make Your Mama Proud. Critics often compared them to such artists as the Beatles, Cheap Trick, and Elvis Costello. Their next release in 1998, All The Pain Money Can Buy, was far from a sophomore slump. The album reached platinum sales within six months of its release, and stayed on Billboard's Top 200 Albums chart for a year. The group was nominated for two Grammy Awards -- Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal for "The Way," and Best Long Form Music Video for "The Way." They also received an MTV Video Music Award nomination as Best New Artist. As of summer 2006, the band is in the planning stages for a new album tentatively slated for a 2007 release.
- A History object represents the history of the current session (i.e., tab or frame). In Mozilla-based browsers and Internet Explorer, it possesses properties which hold the actual URLs visited but does not expose them to web content.
- The name of Gunnison honors the life of John W. Gunnison who first explored the region. He first discovered the area as part of his government assigned quest to recommend the best route for a railroad across the Colorado Rockies. Gunnison country is today rich with mineral deposits and grazing lands. The city of Gunnison itself is becoming one of the important educational centers of the Centennial state, and the Gunnison River graciously pours it’s waters through the Gunnison tunnel, one of the greatest irrigation projects of modern times, bringing life and energy to this once barren wilderness. Gunnison Country first began to boom in the 1870's along with the rise in mining in Colorado. The Ute Indians had been forced out of the area and many ranchers, traders and of course miners began to move in. Gunnison became the official seat of Gunnison County on May 22, 1877. In 1880 the railroad arrived, welcomed and embraced by not only miners but also by the ranchers and farmers of the Gunnison Valley. Gunnison saw one of the quickest boom and bust cycles ever as the mines and railroads came to town in the 1880's along with all the normal boom business. But, by 1883 a bust had come to town and half of the population had left. It seems the precious ore mining in the area was a little over-hyped because the ore veins that were discovered turned out to be shallow and low producing. Nevertheless, Gunnison was always the hub of enterprise for the area. In 1909 Gunnison’s Colorado State Normal School was founded, and in 1915 the name was changed to Western State College.
- 10 years ago a group of evolved humans saved the world from a nuclear holocaust and announced to the world about their abilities. Now in the year 2017 abilities are widely accepted and nobody is penalised for their powers. 11 months ago there was a mass breakout in level 7 and the world’s worst and most dangerous criminals were released back into the City and another group of Heroes had to be assembled in order to recapture them and bring them to justice. Nova had no choice but to fund an illegal experimental serum which mutates the hosts D.N.A and gives them unnatural abilities. Nova asked 8 members of a local gym if they would be willing to test an experimental serum, they all agreed. These Heroes have discovered side-effects that greatly prohibit their abilities but will not give up and continue to try and use the side-effects positively. 7 of these Heroes were delighted by their new found abilities but 1 did not realise what he signed into and went mad. Unfortunately for the rest of the world the 1 that went mad was also the only one that showed no side-effects and so had become the most powerful Villain/Hero ever.
- Look-in was the brainchild of Alan Fennell, who had a long pedigree in TV related comics, and especially those with strips based on the series of Gerry Anderson. Alan was a successful scriptwriter, who had written for Anderson's series, and had already worked on established titles like TV21 and Countdown. Fennell was asked to produce a sister magazine to the already very successful TV Times. The result was Look-in. Alan had built up a strong team from his work on other comics, bringing with him scriptwriter Angus P. Allan, and artists like Mike Noble and John M. Burns, and with a wealth of great ITV programming to choose from, Look-in had all the ingredients to become the great success it eventually was. Look-in first appeared on 9th January 1971, the strips in the first issue included Please Sir!, Freewheelers and Timeslip. Features included World Of Sport and Survival, all really big series of the time. This set the trend for future issues, Look-in always had the most up to date and popular programmes in it's pages, but Look-in was more than that, it was one of the few puplications actually on the pulse of popular culture, if it was huge then Look-in was right on it, things like skateboarding, yo-yo's, Chopper bikes, Star Wars, Computers, Look-in was there increasing the popularity of these and loads of other things. One of the main features of Look-in and why it is remembered fondly was it's painted covers, other comics had these too but Look-in's stood out, and made the mag jump at you from the shelf. They were done mainly by Arnaldo Putzu, but other artists did them from time to time too. Into the 80's Look-in's popularity although still high was waning, there was a definite anti-violence stance, strips like Robin Of Sherwood and The A-Team were being written without weaponry, and more emphasis on dialogue than action. As the 80's moved on there was a gradual dropping of action strips, making way for more child friendly cartoon and comedy strips like Danger Mouse and Scooby-Doo. Going into the 90's there was a definite change into a more teenage magazine type puplication that was popular at that time, less emphasis on strips, more on features and posters. Popularity took a nose dive and the writing was on the wall, Finally on 12th March 1994 Look-in's last issue appeared with Take That's Mark Owen on the cover and it was the end of an era.
- The player has been developed by a series of different teams and under a series of different names.
- The Department of History is one of the largest and most respected units in the Campus's College of Letters and Science. The Department's faculty ranges across virtually all of the major geographical and chronological fields recognized by the discipline. Berkeley has long been proud of its extensive engagement with the history of Asia, a part of the world only recently given its due by many other history departments. While developing ambitious programs in the study of East Asian, South Asian, Southeast Asian, and Middle Eastern history, Berkeley has also maintained and increased its reputation in the several fields in which it first attained distinction in the first half of the 20th century: Ancient, Medieval, Modern European, Latin American, and United States history. More recently, the Department has expanded its engagement with African history. The Department is comprehensive also in the thematic and methodological emphases that render the study of history one of the most capacious of all academic callings. Although in recent years the Department's strengths in cultural, intellectual, and political history have been the most widely noted, the Department's distinction in social, economic, international and other kinds of history is also recognized throughout the world. Professional assessments of the nation's history departments (e.g., those sponsored by the National Research Council) usually rank Berkeley first, second, or third. The intellectual stature of the Department's faculty is registered in many metrics, including in the number of its members elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. This honor has been won by sixteen regular or emeriti members of the Department: Brady, Brucker, de Vries, Gruen, Halperin, Heilbron, Herr, Hollinger, Jay, Keightley, Laqueur, Litwack, May, Middlekauff, Riasanovsky, and Stampp. In addition, individual members of the Department have often carried major responsibility within the Campus's administration. The Department also enjoys a reputation for excellence in both undergraduate and graduate teaching. Many of its members have won teaching awards in recent years. The Department's baccalaureate and doctoral alumni have gone on to a variety of successful careers, including in research, education, the service professions, business, and public affairs.
- The word Graffiti comes from the word graffito, which means ancient wall drawing or painting. And could be seen in ancient cultures such as those in Egypt and Greece. Graffito could also describe a writing on a wall in a public place. The word Graffiti was first mentioned by archaeologists to designate informal writings on tombstones and ancient monuments.
- Thanks to a number of DR enthusiasts globally, comprehensive details regarding the history and development of this thumper is freely available.¹ In brief, the first models introduced were the Djebel/Dakar (AKA DR650R and DR650S) and the RS that were both kick start. In 1991, the first electric start model was introduced, namely the DR650RSE. In 1992 the Djebel/Dakar model saw a few changes, included being renamed to just DR650R and DR650S. This model also saw improvements in the exhaust system, a smaller tank and 8kg weight reduction. In 1996 the DR650SE was introduced, replacing the previous models. The engine was radically redesigned, reducing its power but allowing for more smooth delivery. The bike's weight was also reduced by around 25kg. In 2002, the DR's styling was updated with a new headlight fairing and Suzuki's widely recognized yellow offroad racing colors and graphics.
- The History of lacrosse goes back centuries, to the North American Native Americans who lived in the Great Lakes region. This article is a . You can help My English Wiki by expanding it.
- Characters with this skill have considerable knowledge of the local history, as well as a good idea of history in general. They are aware of all important events that have occured within their own 'home town' area in the last hundred years. What exactly constitutes an important event is left up to the gamesmaster, who can feed the player information as circumstances warrant. Test against Int to establish the extent or accuracy of knowledge about any particular event. More distant history or non-local history is also available to characters, but in less detail.
- History is former Newsboys guitarist Paul Colman's best-of album, including songs from his time with the Paul Colman Trio and his solo career.
- There are many "Histories" to be maintained in the game.
* Blockade history has been kept for each of Cobalt, Midnight and Viridian Oceans.
* Many events are held other than blockades.
* Many flags maintain a history on their page. If you don't find the flag you're after... add it!
- Breyer Animal Creations, formerly known as Breyer Molding Company, was founded in Chicago, Illinois, in the 1950's. They first became recognised when they were asked by F.W Woolworth (now known as Foot Locker) to create a horse statue (now known as #57 The Western Pony) to decorate a mantel clock, and people started to ask for just the horse. From then on, Breyer Animal Creations has been making the highest quality model horses.
- For thousands of years, the Island World has been inhabiated by strange cultures, some ruling in glory for a brief time, then fading away into nothing or surviving on a few scattered islands. This section provides the history of the island world from it's first inhabitants right up until the modern age of the First, Second and Third Marine War. Prehistory The first Humans establish themselves in the Island World and grow into a flourishing culture which spreads across the entire island world. However, their hunter-gather way of life disrupts the precarious balance of life in the Island World and many animals become extinct. The Old Isalia Civilization Eventually, on a large northern island, a sophiscated civilization develops, founded on the principles of worshipping animals and respecting the natrual world. However, although they reduce and maintain their population at a low level, they still are little more than hunter-gathers. Only late in the civilization's life do they develop farming and by then, their civilization is in decline. The Middle Isalia Civilization After a dark age of 500 years, the Isalia civilization grows again into a major force in the Island World. With the development of farming, the civilization is able to grow into a developed and highly advanced for the time civilization. The New Isalia Civilization The most advanced civilization so far in the Island World, the New Isalian Kingdom grows from a few scattered survivors of the wars that destroyed the Middle Kingdom and with the development of boats, conquers a few nearby islands. However, a new force arrives in the Island World and brings this ancient, but brilliant civilization crashing down. The Aztec-Iriqouis Domination The Isalians are unable to compete with the technologically advanced Aztecs and Iriqouis, who grow from a few ships into the two largest empires the Island World would see in the BL (Before Landfall) years. The two civilizations are by the late 9th century BL, are incredibly advanced and have taken up nearly all the space in the Island World. To be coutinued...
- The History explains the history of BlazBlue's story chronologically as a timeline.
- The Isle is a multiplayer dinosaur sandbox being developed by a veteran team that has been in the dinosaur game business for a while. Long story short, to narrow the scope of what we want to do down to a critical statement of, "We want to make the next *insert EA survival Game*" is absurd and unacceptable to the development team. Though the primary game module that is being developed is an open-world survival experience, it will serve as a base foundation and showcase for all dinosaurs and creatures in the game while still implementing something unique. It is not meant to be “the next great survival game” where dinosaurs feel like they were tossed in as an afterthought in attempts to be unique. We want to create a great default experience that players can expand upon, branching off and building their own thoughts and games with Steam Workshop integration.
- The intention of this pages is to keep a history of Real Racing 3, it is this is an exact copy of the release notes, originally posted by Firemonkeys and now by EA. Note: Grammar and spelling should not be corrected.
- Calgary's history started long before there were written records.
- As the oldest football club in London, Fulham FC have a long and interesting history. Originally set up under the name Fulham St Andrews, as a church side. And there's probably some more.
- World of Warcraft の歴史を知ることにより、よりゲームを楽しむことができます。 なぜ Horde と Alliance はお互いを憎み、戦っているのか? なぜ、お互いの都市の中に敵陣営の NPC が居たりするのか? このクエストってなんのためにあるの?・・・など、様々な疑問が紐解かれ、ますます World of Warcraft の世界にどっぷりと、のめり込むことになるでしょう。 World of Warcraft は、元々 Warcraft[1] と言う RTS ゲームの世界観を引き継いでいます。 Warcraft は、2009/09 現在、3まで作られており、World of Warcraft は、WarcraftIII の後の話となっています。 歴史を語る上で、とても重要となるため、機会があればプレイしてみてください。 以下の歴史については、Warcraft 内の歴史についても触れられています。
* Chapter I: Mythos
* Chapter II: The New World
* Chapter III: The Doom of Draenor
* Chapter IV: Alliance And Horde
* Chapter V: Return of the Burning Legion
- Portland is often awarded the "Greenest City in America", and ranks among the world's top 10 greenest cities. Popular Science has continued to award Portland the title of the Greenest City in America and Grist magazine lists it as the second greenest city in the world. Portland is the home city of "the World's Oldest Teenage Drag Queen Pageant", the Rose Bud and Thorn Pageant, started in 1975 and modeled after the Imperial Soverign Rose Court of Oregon.
- History is the study of past events. This is usually undertaken on a professional level by historians. History was a common fixture in most university course offerings. (Star Trek: The Stoneship Files)
- In the beginning were dragons, the creatures of pure divinity, so in touch with the cosmos that their battles and friendships echo in what we now call the worlds of the void. Time, space, chaos, order, matter and energy all originated from their minds, bodies, talons, wings, scales and breaths. And as their breaths torched wings and talons tore scales, what makes up ours and other worlds fused into what we see today. Many worlds were created, some from battles, others out of unions of love and most flourished with life, diverse and ever-changing. These worlds scattered across the void remained isolated and none the wiser about the existence of everything that stretched beyond their skies. The sentient creatures of this world went immeasurable years living in peace and war, struggling for survival and living lives of luxury, forging their destinies and embarking on quests of virtue and valor or decadence and hunger for power. The great among them became heroes and whole cities gathered to cheer at the slightest provocation, the great among those commanded kingdoms and shaped the world more than any in their time. And the greatest among those where so accepted by the people of the land to rise to power beyond what a mortal could wield, and so they abandoned their names and their bodies to become something more. These embodiments of power and faith are the gods that we pray to today. Then came the first seers, humans in their inception, the first mages, who managed to open pathways between the realms and in doing so understood the power inherent in each world. They spent centuries walking the million plains, collecting knowledge on how to manipulate all the facets of reality. As their portals remained open the different races mixed, migrating from world to world, elves, humans, orcs and the like setting and calling new lands their home, soon forgetting who’s world it was they took residence in. Then a dragon’s drop of blood fell into the world, not drawn by talons or let out by fire but expelled from a wound caused by sword. Someone across the universe had declared war to the dragons, their creators, and planned to wage war to all who would oppose them. The dragons grew furious at the hybris of the new races and turned to the seers with great vengeance. All who possessed the powers of portal-making were hunted, with the dragons allowing only one in each plane, sealing his fate with a terrible curse, for each master of portals was bound to their realm destined to die should he ever stepped outside again. The remaining practitioners of magic abandoning the title of the seer, scattered each pursuing different goals, inventing new names for themselves and using magic as a tool and a weapon rather than an art. Thus began the dark years of magic where the practitioners waged wars that laid waste to much of the world we inhabit today.
- History is the study of past events; those who study history are known as historians. One cornerstone rule of history is that it cannot be changed, regardless of intervention by time travel. (TOS episode: "Spectre of the Gun")
- Welcome to the History index. This index is dedicated to creating histories of the events leading up to and surrounding the plots of Shakespeare's plays.
- Stage-door's parent company Jubilee Productions disbanded in 1997 at the behest of Jubilee's chairman, Michael Edgeley. Most of Jubilee's members were unhappy with the decision to close the company and a group of them, led by Mike Gearing held a meeting to stay together under a new name as a new company. The group of nearly 30 former Jubilee members met and decided on the new name for the company and were able to gain backing from a local business to raise the funding to put on their first production. With Jubilee now defunct, the theatre had an opening for what would have been Jubilee's end of year show. Mike re-booked the theatre and the company voted that their first production should be Annie Get Your Gun.
- The site had a very humble beginning, with only about 123 items in the system (many were hair items). Most everyone in the first weeks of the site's existence wore green; the ducky sets were introduced in the grand opening, and the popular Sword of the Ancients was handed out as the population reached 100 members. The site's avatars had similar humble beginnings. They suffered from problems such as posture, contrast issues in dithering, and several other complaints were given. The avatars were changed at the beginning of April, making a minor change to the posture and fixing problems with the shading. However, they still were not perfect. The avatars would remain this way until the core features of the site were replaced. In September 2008, when the bases were redrawn entirely, allowing a great deal of customization and detail. The items in the earliest days were created by Bobbi, Glance Reviver and Batsy.
- This period is not meant to be used in actual play, as there is a lot of unwritten events, what is necessary in time span as wast as this one. Yet, if GM and players want, it is possible to use it - probably by time travelling or some accident misplacing characters in time. In that case however, GM should add his own creation for chosen period... Beginning Aetheon dimension was created as extension of dimension named Tempus. This task was assigned to advanced civilization, known as Eonit. Eonits at first created small space bubble in mould of hyperspace of Tempus dimension, approximately 1.25 light years in diameter. It was then separated from its original dimension (except of small passable wormhole, what serves as connection with Tempus dimension). Then it started to be expanded, from what moment its separate timeline began to be counted. When bubble was large enough (aproximately 20ly), Eonites started to implant to it hypercocoons, what created basis for 29 of current 31 galaxies. This process underwent between 1.35 and 3.12 million years of age. Inflation to its current size of 111Mly was finished in age of 3.5 million years. At that time were also materialized bases of galaxies from their hypercocoons. Milestones and eras
* 3.63 Million years - Arrival of Antarasans from Tempus dimension, their setlement in Antares galaxy, mass production of spore ships commences
* 3.68 My - Antarasans starts their voyage along dimension, and according to in advance selected plan they begin to seed individual galaxies with life
* 3.82 My - Eonit civilization builds Eon galaxy, where they then settle
* 18.23 My - All galaxies except of Tar are already settled, no other intelligent life except of Eonits and Antarasans exists in dimension
* 19.83 My - In Aurancia galaxy rises under strict supervision of Antarasans first native race of Aetheon dimension, called Auranit, which consists of flying beings of approximately humanoid form, resembling angels
* 21.83 My - Due to wrong programming stars of Aurancia galaxy begun to age rapidly and within 8200 years 90% of them changed into white dwarfes despite of common efforts of Eonits and Antarasans. From Auranits, who lost majority of their living space, become race known as Aurancia nomades, who travel amongst stars oboard their motherships.
* 22.12 My - Eonit civilisation, exhausted from efforts of saving Aurancia galaxy, resolved to courageous move, and fuses to Eon superintelligence. At the same time devolves management of whole dimension to Antarasans. Fusion is succesfull and Eon relocates to hyperspace bubble close to it's galaxy
* 22.31-58.42 My - Antarasans in succesive steps creates (according to chosen plan) intelligent races of particular galaxies
* 58.42 My - Extremly strong hyperstorm originating from building of Rim galaxy destroys 30% of Antares galaxy and tears it to two parts - Asylum galaxy, what stays on place, and Kor-Razor galaxy, what is through hyperspace thrown far from original position. Antarasans lose two-third of their population in galaxy. This shock causes Antarasans to close into themselves for long time, and vivifying of galaxy Tar (what, as most important, was left to end) is postponed ad indefinitum. Antarasans for the time being vanish from history
* 59.32 My - In Kor-Razor galaxy one of races evolves by unplanned speed and soon conquers whole galaxy by force. By style of living and physical appearance resembles Predators. This race calls itself by name Kiran
* 62.43 My - During hyperstorm, accompanying creation of small star cluster close to Fenrir galaxy, is one of spore ships, what is doing its job there at that time, heavilly damaged and flies away to make autorepair. In galaxy in meantime arise Commonwealth of Seven Civilizations (CSC)
* 64.18 My - Damaged spore ship finished autorepair, but part of its instructions was damaged and irrecoverably lost. Ship returns back to Fenrir galaxy, where it starts to destroy life instead of creating it. CSC starts fighting it, but with no effect. When nearly half of living being in galaxy is eradicated, CSC calls for help. That is intercepted by another spore ship what sets off to help. During cataclysm encounter, what destroys several star systems, both ships dissolves. From their debris CSC gets possesion of life seeding technology, and massive technological boom turns up. CSC builds from debris new spore ship, into what are by accident incorporated together with brain of normal spore ship also parts of faulty one. New ship gets out of control and vanishes deep into intergalactic space. All search for it is unsuccesfull
* 65.12 My - In Jenis galaxy another spore ship dissolve in black hole due to fault in navigation system
* 65.12-92.30 My - Progressive technological development goes on and various civilizations of several galaxies estabilishes mutual contacts. Aetheon Council is constituted, where various civilisations of all galaxies of Aetheon has representatives, excluding Kor-Razor galaxy ruled by repulsive Kirans, and not yet vivified Tar
* 93.40 My - Exploration expedition from Pagus galaxy tries to enter Tar galaxy, but fails due to powerful energy shield around galaxy, what is remain from original hypercocoon, and what only Antarasans could remove. Same thing is tried in following millenia by another civilisations, but for same reason also fails. Tar is finally proposed as prohibited zone and ships of majority of races keeps away from it
* 128.10-133.12 My - Solar Engineers moves Hesperia, Horta, Jaturna and Viridia galaxies around entry of wormhole to Tempus dimension. They forms regular trilateral spire. Protection and development of this domain takes superintelligence Selus
* 132.15-244.86 My - During this time no thing worth of recording occured. Many new civilisations arosed and diplomatic and trade dealings amongst galaxies further developed
* 245.82 My - In one of star clusters close to Mendor galaxy is discovered previously unknown civilisation named Tirn. This civilisation is distant progeny of Darkers race, what arrived from far future. Tirns inherited their ability of time travel and developed it to degree of ability to travel in time by force of their mind alone. This period was chosen with knowledge of future events.
* 245.93 My - One of civilisations, whose name was forgotten, tried to steal time traveling technology. It failed, but attempt was not forgotten
* 248.31 My - First recorded attempt to tamper history, foiled at beginning. It is thought, that it was first premature attemt to start (or stop, that was never clarified) future Temporal war
* 248.52-259.44 My - This is period of so called Temporal war. During this period so massive changes in timeline occured, that no accurate information could be obtained. Changes of time and destroying of whole timelines were on daily order, if that could be said according to fundamental of this war. It was ended only by direct intervention from planet Tempus and all remaining timelines were due to work of Temporal Intervention Unit gradually united to single one. Then time shields and time stabilisers were installed over whole period, and any travel to that period was forbidden to all, except of members of Temporal Intervention Unit, and even them only for study matters and at special permission of Council of Wise Ones on planet Tempus. Here was also installed Time Fuse and permanent patrol of Temporal Intervention Unit
* 252.12 My - Tirn race is nearly extincted during raid by Kirans. Rather than allow their enslavement and repetion of Temporal war, they destroyed majority of their planets, and rest of them moved with silent agreement of Temporal Intervention Unit back to future. Part of them left on their ships to Asylum galaxy, where they become NeoTirn race. Kirans leave with no success, and invasion fleet is on its way back destroyed by hyperstorm, with unknown origin - it is however speculated, that it was intervention of superintelligence Eon, what ensured this way, that acquired knowledge of time tlavelling will not be handled to rest of Kiran race
* 283.16-425.12 - Period of First Decline. Due to stabilised situation and lack of new discoveries, majority of civilisations fallen back to themselves. Intergalactic travelling was forgotten and majority of contacts among civilisations broken. Several tenths of civilisations in this period degenerated and totally vanished from galactic history - distant descendants of some of them later reappeared, but as whole new civilisations without awareness of their precursors
* 426.33 My - Several civilisation rediscovered at the same time (probably by impulse from Antarasans) principles of intergalactic drive. They in sequence visited all galaxies (again with exception of Tar, Kor-Razor and Aurancia) and helped to uplift another civilisations from decline
* 427.01-612.53 My - In this period civilisations arisen again and fierce development took place
* 618.43 My - In small star cluster far from any galaxy was due to one of spore ships evolved civilisation of Antarasans, about what event current Antarasans didn't knew
* 619.21 My - First Antarasans executed experiment with pumping energy from time itself. However it failed and whole star cluster was torn from Aetheon and thrown to another (unnamed) dimension, deep into past. Aetheon met them later again in form of fallen offspring, Darker race. This lost Antarasans in their new dimension newer left their star cluster. Instead of it they engaged in self-advancement and technology development. Then they started to build huge mothership, intended as life-preserving arch for whole race in case of destruction of home systems. Shortly after building was finished, small faction, engaged in genetic enhancement of their bodies, stolen ship, and embarked to voyage across dimension. Their psychic was twisted, and they started to steal material and technologies from other races. In course of time they degenerated and had to resort to clonning for reproduction, because they lost natural means for it in process. Thus Darkers race was born... Part of original Antarasans after their sibling's betrayal left by dimensional gate to Tempus dimension, where after many thousand generations later became part of Project Aetheon (and thus closed time loop). Rest of them remained, closed themselves in their home system, and refused any further contacts with outside world. Darkers conquered whole dimension step by step, and started to look for new hunting-ground (more in this article). In place of original Antarasans star cluster remained spacetime anomaly, trenching to subspace, and partialy also hyperspace (layers one, two, and three). This anomaly randomly throws objects what enters it to past, future and eventually to another place in dimension. It could be safely passed by warp, or from hyperspace layer four or more (but even there sometimes reach various strange effects, at highest to layer eleven). Exactly in center is calm and safe zone in diameter of 0.73 light years
* 620.32-638.24 My - In this period abrupt development of dimension's races commenced, and Antarasans covertly built Bridge to Eternity
* 639.28-639.31 My - In this period came sudden closure of access to hyperspace (value of hyperimpedance unexpectably risen, what highly reduced usability of any devices, harnessing hyperspace, including hyperdrives and devices drawing energy from hyperspace. It was caused by superinteligences, who didn't liked corruption of spacetime caused by intense intergalactic travelling
* 639.32-965.48 My - Period of Second Decline. Difficulty of intergalactic travelling cut connections amongst majority of galaxies, because only subspace was avaiable for travelling. Although that did not disallowed contact amongst galaxies, but it dealt hard punch to formerly brisk trade activity. Decline was not so deep now however
* 966.12 My - Hyperimpedance decreased to original value, because superintelligences decided, that spacetime has recovered enough
* 966.13 My - Antarasans again officially appears, and propose Hyperspace Usage Treaty. This treaty estabilished restrictions for intergalactic travelling, but at the same time Antarasans distributed network of planetary star gates. This technology comprises of small planetary gates, interplanetary, interstellar, and intergalactic transmitters, able to transport multi-tonnage haulage. Intergalactic trade again blossoms, at this time without excessive corruption of spacetime
* 968.93-1732.16 My - Golden Era. Mutual cooperation reaches peak, undreamed-of prosperity comes on
* 1734.12 My - Antarasans open psionic network for common disposal
* 1734.15-1982.14 My - Diamond Era. Prosperity of individual civilizations reaches absolute acme, 85% of civilisations reach Supercivilisation stage, from that approximately 30 reach Superintelligence stage
* 1985.62-2232.54 My - War of superintelligencies. New superintelligencies fight for living space. During this war nearly 90% of civilisations goes extinct, and majority of galaxies are nearly depopulated. Most of civilisations, who aren't directly liable to superintelligencies, falls back to barbarism. 24 of new superintelligencies vanishes and their power is absorbed by victors, 3 superintelligencies are put to sleep and stored in special type of hypercocoon, and remaining 3 are expelled to another dimension. Heavilly weakened is also superintelligence Eon, who definitelly transferes governance over dimension to Antarasans and remaining trio of original superintelligencies (Selus,Tartus,Bina)
* 2232.54-2562.42 - Period of Third Decline.
- The predecessor to what is now the international fast food restaurant chain Burger King was founded in 1953 inJacksonville, Florida, as Insta-Burger King. Inspired by the McDonald brothers' original store location in San Bernardino, California, the founders and owners, Keith J. Kramer and his wife's uncle Matthew Burns, began searching for a concept. After purchasing the rights to two pieces of equipment called "Insta" machines, the two opened their first stores around a cooking device known as the Insta-Broiler. The Insta-Broiler oven proved so successful at cooking burgers, they required all of their franchises to carry the device. After the original company began to falter in 1954, it was purchased by its Miami, Florida, franchisees James McLamore and David R. Edgerton. The two initiated a corporate restructuring of the chain; the first step being to rename the company Burger King. The duo ran the company as an independent entity for eight years, eventually expanding to over 250 locations in the United States, when they sold it to the Pillsbury Company in 1967. Pillsbury's management made several attempts at reorganization or restructuring of the restaurant chain in the late 1970s and early 1980s. The most prominent change came in 1978 when Burger King hired McDonald's executiveDonald N. Smith to help revamp the company. In a plan called Operation Phoenix, Smith initiated a restructuring of corporate business practices at all levels of the company. Changes to the company included updated franchise agreements, a broadening of the menu, and new store designs to standardize the look and feel of the company. While these efforts were initially effective, many of them were eventually discarded, resulting in Burger King falling into a fiscal slump that damaged the financial performance of both Burger King and its parent. Poor operating performance and ineffectual leadership continued to bog the company down for many years, even after it was acquired in 1989 by the British entertainment conglomerate Grand Metropolitan and its successor Diageo. Eventually, the institutional neglect of the brand by Diageo damaged the company to the point where major franchises were driven out of business and its total value was significantly decreased. Diageo eventually decided to divest itself of the loss-making chain and put the company up for sale in 2000. In the twenty-first century the company returned to independence when it was purchased from Diageo by a group of investment firms led by TPG Capital for $1.5 billion (USD) in 2002. The new owners rapidly moved to revitalize and reorganize the company, culminating with the company being taken public in 2006 with a highly successful initial public offering. The firms' strategy for turning the chain around included a new advertising agency and new ad campaigns, a revamped menu strategy, a series of programs designed to revamp individual stores, and a new restaurant concept called the BK Whopper Bar. These changes re-energized the company. Despite the successes of the new owners, the effects of the financial crisis of 2007–2010 weakened the company's financial outlooks while those of its immediate competitor McDonald's grew. The falling value of Burger King eventually lead to TPG and its partners divesting their interest in the chain in a $3.26 billion (USD) sale to 3G Capital of Brazil. Analysts from financial firms UBS and Stifel Nicolaus agreed that 3G will have to invest heavily in the company to help reverse its fortunes. After the deal was completed, the company's stock was removed from the New York Stock Exchange, ending a four-year period as a public company. The delisting of its stock was designed to help the company repair its fundamental business structures and continue working to close the gap with McDonald's without having to worry about pleasing shareholders. 3G later took the company public again after a series of changes to its operations and structure. Burger King would eventually be merged with Canadian-based donut and coffee chain Tim Hortons, igniting a political controversy in the United States over tax inversions.
- History is linked with Intelligence. You have picked up knowledge related to the history of a region and beyond, including the chronological record of significant events and an explanation of their causes. This includes information pertaining to royalty and other leaders, wars, legends, significant personalities, laws, customs, traditions, and memorable events. If you have selected this skill as a trained skill, your knowledge represents academic study, either formalized or as a hobby, and you have a better chance of knowing esoteric information in this field. Make a History check to remember a useful bit of historical knowledge or to recognize a historical clue. See Knowledge Checks.
- The origins of the Filipino martial arts otherwise known as Arnis, Kali and Eskrima are lost to antiquity. The Philippines was a crossroads for waves of Malay and Indonesian migrations as well as Chinese traders and pirates. Early forms of fighting arts probably resmebled Indo-Malay silat with a heavy focus on the use of edged weapons. As the Chinese interacted with the tribesmen in many regions of the islands the martial arts, like the cultures, began to mix. Just as in further south in Malaysia and Indonesia, the Chuan fa of the Chinese was blended with the silat giving birth to Kuntaw (or Kuntao). In 1521, the first Europeans arrived in the Philippines. The Spanish would eventually conquer most of the Philippine Islands and occupy them for over 300 years. This marked a new chapter in the development of the the Filipino martial arts.
- The Creatures series of games has had a long and convoluted history. This page is dedicated to it, in particular the events surrounding the companies involved in their creation: Millennium, Cyberlife, Creature Labs, Entraline and Gameware. A good overview from Development Director Ian Saunter is provided in:
* A potted history of Creature Labs and Gameware Development (the official story) More on the relationship between the various companies can be found in:
* A step back in time Large amounts of this timeline were derived from Steve Grand's notes. Many thanks to Steve for providing this resource to the community! Image:Creaturesandegg.jpg
- booN repuS was born from the minds of Muentai and Sinn. They decided it would be funny to talk backwards "booN repuS | Super Noob" They soon found World of Warcraft Private servers. They loved them so much, they wanted to make their own
- --83.70.32.58 18:08, 11 April 2007 (UTC)Link titlehello Italic text
- For the history of AG as seen by Strop, click [For the history of AG as seen by Strop, click [[][here].
* The first records of GoG are from October 13,2005 according to the web archives
* Games of Gondor was launched September 28, 2005
* Sometime between late 2005 and the beginning of 2006, it changed from Games of Gondor to Armorgames.
* In late 2007-early 2008 AG 2.0 was released
* In Early 2008, many of our current users (including Firetail_Madness) joined.
* Chat was taken away
* At some point in mid-May there was the Switchfoot incident which kept it to where no one got a second chance after perma-banned
* Strop became a mod
* And more people went to AG, for the games (like Sonny) and the forums.
* Zophia became a mod 200,000 users
* In early to mid 2009, many of our well known users became active again
* 420 drove some of us insane
* 300,000 users
* fst6 was banhammered for no good reason.
* Gantic was made a mod
- As an academic field, history is the study of past human activities and is generally considered a social science. History can also refer to actual events that have happened in the past. Traditionally, historians have attempted to answer these questions through the study of written documents, although historical research is not limited merely to these sources. In general, the sources of historical knowledge can be separated into three categories: what is written, what is said, and what is physically preserved, and historians often consult all three. Historians frequently emphasize the importance of written records, which universally date to the development of writing. This emphasis has led to the term prehistory, referring to a time before written sources are available. Since writing emerged at different times throughout the world, the distinction between prehistory and history often depends on the topic. As a field of study, history encompasses many subfields and ancillary fields. These include chronology, historiography, archeology, genealogy, paleography, and cliometrics, among many others. The scope of the human past has naturally led scholars to divide that time into manageable pieces for study. There are a variety of ways in which the past can be divided, including chronologically, culturally, and topically. These three divisions are not mutually exclusive, and significant overlap is often present, as in "The Argentine Labor Movement in an Age of Transition, 1930–1945". It is possible for historians to concern themselves with both very specific and very general locations, times, and topics, although the trend has been toward specialization. ==History and prehistory==lrtkyrlyu Traditionally, the study of history was limited to the written and spoken word. However, the rise of academic professionalism and the creation of new scientific fields in the 19th and 20th centuries brought a flood of new information that challenged this notion. Archaeology, anthropology and other social sciences were providing new information and even theories about human history. Some traditional historians questioned whether these new studies were really history, since they were not limited to the written word. A new term, prehistory, was coined, to encompass the results of these new fields where they yielded information about times before the existence of written records. In the 20th century, the division between history and prehistory became problematic. Criticism arose because of history's implicit exclusion of certain civilizations, such as those of Sub-Saharan Africa and pre-Columbian America. Additionally, prehistorians such as Vere Gordon Childe and historical archaeologists like James Deetz began using archaeology to explain important events in areas that were traditionally in the field of history. Historians began looking beyond traditional political history narratives with new approaches such as economic, social and cultural history, all of which relied on various sources of evidence. In recent decades, strict barriers between history and prehistory may be decreasing. There are differing views for the definition of when history begins. Some believe history began in the 34th century BC, with cuneiform writing. Cuneiforms were written on clay tablets, on which symbols were drawn with a blunt reed called a stylus. The impressions left by the stylus were wedge shaped, thus giving rise to the name cuneiform ("wedge shaped"). The Sumerian script was adapted for the writing of the Akkadian, Elamite, Hittite (and Luwian), Hurrian (and Urartian) languages, and it inspired the Old Persian and Ugaritic national alphabets. For others history has become a "general" term meaning the study of "everything" that is known about the human past (but even this barrier is being challenged by new fields such as Big History). Sources that can give light on the past, such as oral tradition, linguistics, and genetics, have become accepted by many mainstream historians. Nevertheless, archaeologists distinguish between history and prehistory based on the appearance of written documents within the region in question. This distinction remains critical for archaeologists because the availability of a written record generates very different interpretative problems and potentials.
- The history of Edalas is split into categories based on the age in which the event took place.
- After being active in the official psp scene alot, i (Benjamin/Benjami) moved on to the homebrew scene opening up lots of opportunitie's. The official scene was a blast but got pretty lame after a while when Sony started banning more and more stuff from there site's. Things i made were Custom Demo's, Flashboots, and some more crazy (and pretty useless) stuff. But it was pretty popular and i found my home on pspdemocenter.com wich was a site i got lots of support from. But when Sony made a contract with the site, i needed to quit with it all. I tried some other stuff but it didnt work out, i quit my job as a dev. there and moved on to the homebrew scene, and ma, it was a good move!. When arriving on the homebrew scene, i got all excited because there are (almost) no boundaries of making stuff. I couldnt code, but i always liked to take a game and change stuff so that i liked it. When i found Gunnar Hero, i thought it was the best game for Guitar Hero on PSP, but after several attempts of getting the damn thing running, i deleted it. It just kept freezing, i didnt know wy or how and i tried a few ways of getting it running but it just wouldnt work. So i was kinda pissed then because i wanted something like Guitar Hero on my PSP. Then i found another rythm based game, PSPRevolution, it looked good, had great reviews, and it actually worked on my psp (woot xD). So i kinda liked the music in it, sometimes.... I started thinking, what about modding this sucka? After a sneek peak in the game's folder, i knew it was possible. A few weeks of hard work, and there it was, erh. PSPRevolution with rock music...... I needed a title for this, so after a few hour i got this name, Guitarway to Heaven, wich was kinda good. I thought it was from something else and i didnt really know, but whatever, i released it. PSPISO.com was the lucky site to have GtH on it first, and it had some good responses from people, they liked it. And i liked it that they liked it so (xD) GtH 2 was about to get made! Anyway, a few days after i released i showed the game to my best friend, and he started laughing so hard, i didnt know wy.. Then he said Dude, Guitarway to Heaven, thats from the Tenacious D movie!! And then i remembered: Im not gonna tell anything more about that but i just recommend you seeing that movie its awsome. Guitarway to Heaven started making its way around the internet, and Guitarway to Heaven 4 is even downloadable as a fricking torrent for gods sake, i cant believe i got this far. And now with the other guys helping me, like LightningRider. Its even more fun to work on this, and i wont stop, you can count on that.
- 4 years ago............... Swiftkill the wolf sworn to protect the alphas(Greyback and whitewind) pups. She was standing guard when Rapier walked up to her. Rapier was jelous of Swiftkills favored position with her parents so Rapier was determined to secure future leadership of Inaria by plotting against her newborn siblings and the one sworn to protect them. She tried to kill her siblings but swiftkill attacked her. Swiftkill blinded by rage exadently killed the pups when fighting Rapier. Rapier lied to whitewind and Greyback telling them that she tried to stop Swiftkill but she was just to late. Swiftkill tried to explan but Whitewind wouldn't listen. Whitewind drove Swiftkill and all the other dier wolves away calling them BlackBloods.
- The Beetle is the first produced after World War II by Volkswagen. But its History started before the war, when in 1933 Hitler met with Ferdinand Porsche to work on the idea of a "People's Car" (or "Volkswagen" in German). The basic idea was to provide a car for a family of two adults and there three children at 100 Km/H across Germany. The car car should cost 990 RM (Reichmark maximum) and would be purchased through a government bases savings scheme. 336 000 people payed but it was only after the war that most of those people were able to receive their cars. For 5 RM a week you would be able to get a car. This was a very new idea for people who did not have the money to buy a car in the 1930's. The idea of such a car had come to Ferdinand Porsche several years before the Third Reich was put in place by the Nazis. But the regime made it financially possible. In 1931, Porsche had designed a car similar to the final design. Hilter had him change part of this design to make it more accessible to the German working class. Tratra's T97 was already using a 4 Cylinder engine mounted in the back of the car. Other parts of the T97's design where also used. Legal actions were started by Tratra as early as 1938, but it was only in 1961 that Volkswagen was ordered to pay DM 3 000 000 in damages. Several prototypes were offered starting in 1935 through the new Kdf-Wagen company. The first cars were made in the Daimler-Benz factory but the production of civilian cars was stopped in 1939 with the war. The factory was by now located in Wolfsburg, Germany. The Beetle base was used for the Kubelwagen (the "bucket car" or "Typ 82") used in the German Army and SS during World War II along with the Schwimmwagen ("Typ 166"). The Kubelwagen survived the war as the Type 181 known as the "Thing" (United States) or "Safari" (Europe). These cars were used everywhere the German troops were: from the cold northern parts of Europe to the hot deserts of Africa with the Afrika Korps. The engine proved to be perfect for all climates with the air-cooled technology and was very easy to fix. The Kubelwagen was the equivalent of the American Jeep: a car that can go anywhere with out any problem and carry all the load you need to fight a war. The factory was bombed by the Allied Airplanes. But most of the machines were saved and production was able to start again after the war using those same machines. The factory fell in the western side of Germany and was offered to Ford. Ford refused it because it was not worth anything.
- The History of Dragon's Gate is a stretches back almost 5000 years from the Battle of the Octagon to the present day. The dates of Dragon's Gate are noted as BF and AF (Before and After the Fall), whose seperation is noted by the Conflagration. The timeline is broken up into Ages and, before the Conflagration, Epochs as well. Each Epoch is named after Sa and a second god who is associated with that time period.
- History is a form of propaganda dedicated to ensuring that people continue to hear the messages of two key groups: 1, the Nazis; and 2, the Confederacy. Anything that does not pertain to the Nazis or the Confederacy is probably not history. The rest of the planet outside America and Nazi Germany considers this bloody annoying, except for France, who in Modern World History books, as a tribute to their pathetic military history, have been given countless sections. And we all know the only significant contribution of the French to modern civilisation is the Baguette. This is shown by the fact that 88% of all history ever written has something to do with Hitler, German attempts to build an atomic bomb, the Battle of Gettysburg, Confederate efforts to build a useful submarine, and the fateful day that Rudolph Hess used the Fuhrer's time machine to go back and bring Stonewall Jackson to what was then the future to ensure a Nazi victory over the Empire of the Moon during World War II.
- Here is a rough timeline of the events that led to the situation the player encounters at the start of the game, which takes place in 1200 AG.
- The history of New York City spans an amazing five centuries:
* Pre-17th century
* 17th century
* 18th century
* 19th century
* 20th century
* 21st century
- The original versions of these Micro-Heroes were made by Donar (Gavan Carstensen) with his first Micro-hero, Spider Jerusalem debuting in the summer of 2001 on the Warren Ellis Forum. The name 'Micro-heroes' was chosen by Carstensen over 'Pocket Powers' which he felt "sounded too manga." More quickly followed and they were widely used as avatars for signature files on the message boards at Alvaro's ComicBoards.com. Originally, they were based on an image from the site of a company marketing (storTropers) an applet which used Java to make similar avatar graphics. Resourceful fans changed the basic look of the Stor images and some later animated them as their favorite super-heroes. Among the most prolific early Micro-hero makers were Donar (Carstensen), Torch (Rich Bellacera), Whirlwind, Michael Kaiser, Bobster (Robert Bradley), AG (Scott), 1401, Jay Phoenix, Archangel (Chris Lund), Erik!, OMike (Michael Bradley), Ralf Haring and Lightningstrike (Mike Berry). In November of 2001 storTroopers, assuming that these creative animators couldn't have made these Micro-heroes without their Java program, sent an e-mail to each of the Micro-heroes sites threatening them with legal action if the micro-heroes remained on them. The original version of the Micro-heroes soon disappeared.
- History es una canción del grupo Mai Tai, que se puede escuchar en la estación de radio Vice City FM en GTA: EFLC.
- There are two kinds of history on the MUX - Theme history (what actually happened), and known history, which is what characters ICly know. While Theme is concrete, Known history is much more fragmented. Legends conflict with each other, different factions take credit for the same inventions and victories -- much like history in the real world, it can be a mess to untangle. While this page and the theme pages present the "true" history for the MUX, other pages might claim otherwise, and just because it's on this page doesn't mean that anyone outside Alpha Trion knows it. ;)
- Syrindof has been through alot through the thousands of years it has been around since the creation and here you can check through the timeline and the game timeline.
- In 1993 Lunar Sliver Star Story came out here originally for the Segacd, a year after that Lunar Eternal Blue came out and both have been remade for other systems, Sega Saturn, Sony Playstation, while the first one was remade for the Game Boy Advance, with Lunar dragon song which came out for the DS last year. But Working designs is no more. WD needs to be put back in business, [No thanks to Sony]. Although there was a Lunar related game for the game gear, the Lunar series have a low fanbase thanks to the Segacd not selling well.
- History is the record of conversations between you and your contacts. Miranda logs all messages and file transfers, for you to keep, to refer back to if you want to. Message history is stored in the database.
- The SCA has been active on Okinawa since at least the mid 1980s, though the group has existed under various names, including the Ile of Blue Mists, the Canton of Chuzan, the Canton of Battle Rock, and finally the Stronghold of Battle Rock. The distinction of a Stronghold from a Canton is that a Stronghold is based upon a modern military base, and so it is afforded some flexibility in its ability to exist in dormancy during periods when the local populace is deployed or relocated. A Stronghold can come out of dormancy without having to completely reinvent itself from the ground up. Battle Rock birthday Depending on whether one sees the first SCA event on Okinawa as our birthday, or the passage of our name and device, the birthday of Battle Rock may be seen as 23 March 1984 or 24 February 1995. I suppose one could view the former as our birth and the latter as our Christening. Either way, those are two important dates in our early history.
- In 625 B.C., Persia was made it was the largest empire of its time, it ruled from 625-599 B.C. Its last ruler, Darius III ruled until Alexander the Great conquered him and his empire. This page needs more work.
- The following system of periods is entierly subjective. It may be used merely as a reference.
- Here are the known historys of Fruits Basket characters.
- US History: History of the United States. World History: History of many countries across the globe. Law: Legal history and basic proceedings. AP government: Advanced government history and political sciences.
- The Snake Men prepare to awaken Serpos while Prince Adam and Fisto pursue Kobra Khan, sent to the surface as punishment by General Rattlor. Also on the run is Count Marzo, still trapped in his frail dwarf form, and on the run from a group of barbarians. He runs into Evil-Lyn, who transforms him back into his full-true form, but keeps his Amulet on the provision that Marzo help her free Hordak from the Well of Darkness. Kobra Khan eavesdrops on them, and takes word to King Hiss. Hiss learns of the possible impending return of Hordak from Despondos, and heads off to stop Evil-Lyn and the Count. They are interrupted by the Masters. King Hiss, Rattlor and some soldiers leave the other Snake Men behind and go to the Well of Darkness. Moss-Man shows up to help while Prince Adam transforms into He-Man and follows after King Hiss. Evil-Lyn and Count Marzo begin the spell to free Hordak. King Hiss takes his men along the River of Fire to stop them, but He-Man and Battle Cat catch up with them and knock them into the River, seemingly destroying them. The Sorceress then prompts He-Man to go to the Well of Darkness to prevent Hordak's return. Evil-Lyn and Marzo almost complete their spell, but He-Man intervenes and stops Hordak from materializing in their realm. Evil-Lyn orders Count Marzo to carry on with the spell until they have success, but he has manages to get his Amulet back and severs his relationship with the witch. The Masters arrest most of the soldiers of King Hiss's army and destroy their lair. He-Man heads for home having prevented the return of Hordak. King Hiss and Rattlor watch on gleefully, as He-Man has done their job for them. They peel off their burnt skin and revel in the fact that nothing can stop the arising of Serpos.
- This page serves as an annotated mirror of the official history page.
- There are various ways a historian can conduct research: 1.
* Study artifacts 2.
* Conduct interviews with people (oral traditions) 3.
* Traditional (empirical or ethnographic) research
- The Chinese are credited with using kites to propel canoes across water early in the 12th Century. In the 1800’s George Pocock used kites of increased size to propel carts on land and ships on the water, using a 4 line control system, the same system in common use today. Both carts and boats were able to turn and sail upwind. The kites could be flown for sustained periods.. The intention was to establish kitepower as an alternative to horsepower, partly to avoid the hated "horse tax" that was levied at that time. In 1901, aviation pioneer Samuel Franklin Cody sailed across the English channel powered by a kite. In October 1977 Gijsbertus Adrianus Panhuise (Netherlands) gets the first patent[7] for KiteSurfing. The patent covers, specifically, a water sport using a floating board of a surf board type where a pilot standing up on it is pulled by a wind catching device of a parachute type tied to his harness on a trapeze type belt. Although this patent did not result in any commercial interest, Gijsbertus Adrianus Panhuise could be considered as the originator of KiteSurfing (Wipikedia) In the late 1970s the development of Kevlar then Spectra flying lines and more controllable kites with improved efficiency contributed to practical kite traction. In 1978, Ian Day's "FlexiFoil" kite powered Tornado catamaran exceeded 40km/hr. Through the 1980s there were sporadic and occasionally successful attempts to combine kites with canoes, ice skates, snow skis, water ski's and roller skates. In 1990, practical kite buggying was pioneered by Peter Lynn at Argyle Park in Ashburton New Zealand. Lynn coupled a three-wheeled buggy with a forerunner of the modern parafoil kite. Kite buggying proved to be very popular worldwide with over 14,000 buggies sold up to 1999. The development of modern day kitesurfing by the Roeselers in the USA and the Legagnoixs in France carried on in parallel to buggying. Bill Roeseler, a Boeing Aerodynamicist,and his son Corey Roeseler patented the "KiteSki" system which consisted of water skis powered by a two line delta style kite controlled via a bar mounted combined winch/brake. The KiteSki was commercially available in 1994. The kite had a rudimentary water launch capability and could go upwind. In 1995, Corey Roeseler visited Peter Lynn at New Zealand's Lake Clearwater in the Ashburton Alpine Lakes area, demonstrating speed, balance and upwind angle on his 'ski'. In the late 1990s, Corey's ski evolved to a single board similar to a surfboard. Two brothers, Bruno Legaignoux and Dominique Legaignoux, from the Atlantic coast of France, also contributed to the development of kitesurfing from the early 1980s. In 1997 they developed and sold the breakthrough "Wipika" kite design which had a structure of preformed inflatable tubes and a simple bridle system to the wingtips, both of which greatly assisted water re-launch. End of 1996 Laird Hamilton and Manu Bertin were instrumental in demonstrating and popularising the usage of a Wipika kite pulling a board off the Hawaiian coast of Maui while in Florida Raphaël Baruch was experimenting riding windsurfing boards with various foil kites naming the sport kitesurfing. In 1997, specialized kite boards were developed by Raphaël Salles and Laurent Ness. By the end of 1998 kitesurfing had become a extreme sport, distributed and taught through a handful group of shops and schools worldwide. The first competition was held on Maui in September 1998 and won by Flash Austin. Starting in 1999, kitesurfing became a mainstream sport with the entry of key windsurfing manufacturers namely Naish and Neil Pryde. Single direction boards derived from windsurfing and surfing designs became the dominant form of kite board. From 2001 onwards, wakeboard style bi-directional boards became more popular.
- Roleplay on the MD server is set in the Forgotten Realms campaign setting, and references a broad spectrum of events throughout the history of Faerûn. This page provides a thumbnail sketch of Faerûn's history, concluding with events specific to roleplay in our persistent world. MD server history diverges from published Realmslore around the year 1372 DR. Events transpiring in Forgotten Realms fiction and sourcebooks may well have transpired differently or not at all on MD. Players wishing to familiarize themselves with the history specific to our game should begin by reading the page, Myth Drannor Server History. As a rule of thumb, in-character knowledge of historical facts depends upon ranks in the Skill, Knowledge: History. There are also more specialized fields of study represented by the Skills, Knowledge: Cormyr and Knowledge: Ancient Netheril. If you are unsure what your character would reasonably know, you may wish to consult a DM in-game.
- After the oil reserves ran dry in the Middle East, the EC was reduced 'almost to ruin', and was led primarily by the United Kingdom. Being in a state of near ruin in 2060 Northern Europe was not a target or origin of any nuclear exchanges in the Great War. However, large chunks of Southern and Eastern Europe were destroyed or reduced to wasteland due to their proximity to the Middle East and Russia respectively. By 2060 the European Commonwealth as a political organisation had totally collapsed. The largely independent nation states could not work together in the face of such adversity. In 2066 Britain sealed it's borders and started requisitioning resources, land and even work forces from the private sector. Riots began to break out in all major cities in 2067, a State of Emergency was declared, the police force became a branch of the military, hundreds died as paratroopers were sent in to quell protesters around Parliament. Images of the massacre were leaked into the media, the Prime Minister vowed to never again use traumatised war veterans and automated curfew drones to put down riots. By 2070 millions of refugees from S. and E. Europe, Africa and Russia began flowing into Central Europe. France elected a Communist President, the German government collapsed while the Netherlands and Belgium, by now both under Fascist rule, ceded their sovereignty to the United Kingdom in exchange for military protection. Within a year the President of France started annexing vast swathes of S. Europe, all industry was nationalised, all immigrants were welcomed - and then sent off to dozens of forced labour camps in Spain. France signed a pact with Communist China. The French President along with the puppet leaders of Spain, Italy and Portugal declared the creation of 'The Second European People's Commonwealth'. In 2073 the Second European Commonwealth started massing troops in Normandy, Britain was offered a place in the Commonwealth pending the embrace of Communism. Britain was given a week to respond by the French President. There was in fighting in Britain's government, the troop numbers Britain faced were vast. Within two days power was seized from the Prime Minister by a charismatic veteran General and leader of the fascist 'Empire League' using the support of the British King. During this period of constitutional crisis, and before order could be restored, General Alexander Becket unleashed Britain's entire remaining nuclear arsenal against strategic targets all over France. An attack of this magnitude was totally unexpected, the Communist government was wiped out, Paris was consumed by nuclear fire, and the Second European Commonwealth descended into anarchy while Great Britain was transformed by Becket into a fully militaristic Fascist state. Britain took full control of the Netherlands and Belgium, the small fascist states happily complying in exchange for their own security. China is too busy fighting the US to pay much attention to European affairs. In 2076 British troops began 'The Great Raid', resources, technology, art, historical artefacts and slaves were brought to 'Camp Calcutta' in Normandy for processing. By now Central Europe was rife with plagues, diseases and nano viruses. Advanced air purification systems, heavy armour and special weapons developed to quickly wipe out large numbers of unarmed and unarmoured 'targets' became standard issue for raid units. Slaves were scanned for infections and disabilities at Camp Calcutta. In what proves to be a harrowing but effective way of dealing with the vast numbers of immigrants attempting to enter Britain, captured refugees and inferior or diseased slaves were turned into food and a form of fuel with qualities similar to petrol. No word of this was leaked to mainland Britain. So called 'Soylent' food products became part of the average citizens diet . It's 2077. In March Britain received intelligence about elements of the US government moving to remote areas in preparation for a nuclear or biological attack. Britain declared itself the head of a new European Commonwealth. While there were still fairly large populations of people in central Europe - Britain, the Netherlands, Belgium and Scandinavia were the only remaining nations with sufficient infrastructure to maintain national administrations, all these remaining nations quickly declared themselves members of this new European Commonwealth, further ceding their sovereignty to London. Looting, raids and war had ravaged the other European nations, although unknown to Britain numerous vaults across Europe existed, all full of previous government members, the rich, and leading scientists. In June, in light of the impending Great War, the European Commonwealth issued a statement of complete neutrality to all remaining national governments and organisations around the world - including China and the USA. Before the end of June, all key government, military and scientific personal were moved to remote parts of Scotland, Ireland and Scandinavia. All citizens are warned of the impending war, and drills took place once a week. The 'cry wolf' effect is reduced considerably by the fact that the police had orders to execute those who didn't evacuate to the vast city shelters with a 'convincing sense of urgency'. October 23rd 2077. Great War takes place. Wales, Finland and numerous locations in Eastern Europe are accidental targets of large warheads. Casualties of tens of millions experienced by the USA and China, while combined deaths in Europe due to accidental targeting and nuclear fallout thought to only be about 5 million by 2087, casualties in Britain number at only a few thousand, although various conflicts and diseases have already decimated the population. By 2080 mutations start occurring, crops fail, animals die. The vastly decreased population and use of slaves prevents the starvation of citizens in the European Commonwealth. Strange and hostile creatures emerge from the fallout of the bombs, Wales is particularly affected. As the EC government returns to relative normality, they hear news of human "ghouls", strange mutated humans that show no mental degradation.
- The History of Myra is separated by two major events: 1) The last major battle of Light and Darkness, Pondaron - years today are counted 'next to Pondaron' (n.P.) or 'post Pondaron' (p.P.), which is the same. Earlier years today are dubbed 'vers Pondaron' (v.P.) or 'ante Pondaron' (a.P.). All years without a qualifying attribution will today be considered 'after Pondaron', the Modern Age (German: Neuzeit). Between 150 and 250 p.P. most countries in the Warriorworld of the Machairas were subjected to some dark empire... unti 401 n.P. they mostly shook off the effects of that time. 2) The previous large battle of Light and Darkness, Allumeddon, 120 years v.P., when the Shadowlands were dissolved to prevent a victory of the Demons. The Son of the Comet named Mythor fought in this battle. The time before Alumeddon is called the Classic Age, the time between both battles is called the Middle Age or Dark Age, because it was the time when the Gods didn't answer the prayers.
- Brendon is failing history, despite from the help of his tutor, Coach McGuirk.
- "History" is the debut single from the Penguin Band. It was written by Bill Gregory, Steven Bobly and Franky Jones - three of the band. The track was produced by Petey K. It was recorded during December 2006 and was released on February 1, 2007 available for digital download from iceTunes and to buy from stores on CD. The single had such great success and was ranked the second most sold single in the countries of Antarctica and UnitedTerra. It is known as the most successful single of the Penguin Band.
- The goal of the History wiki is to be the "the ultimate History Source that anyone can edit." It has over 1,000 articles. Interestingly it appears to have many edits by unregistered users and no active administrators.
- The game we call real tennis (and until recently royal tennis) in Australia is also called real tennis in the UK, jeu de paume in France, court tennis in the USA, or perhaps more correctly, tennis. It has its origins in Europe during the Middle Ages. Though tennis is traditionally thought of as the game of kings, early records show that it was widely played among the French clergy. It is thought the monastic style buildings lent themselves to games played within the quadrangles and games that utilised the walls. The balls were first made from the monks’ discarded robes. Among the English kings Henry VII, Henry VIII, Charles I and Charles II and James II are all known to have played, with Henry VIII being responsible for the Royal court, which still exists at Hampton Court Palace. One of the best-known references to the game occurs in Shakespeare’s Henry V when Henry threatens to “strike his father’s crown into the hazard” after having been insulted by the Dauphin’s gift of a basket of balls. There is, however, no record of Henry V having played the game.
- The History of Cowboy Bebop begins on Earth when humans were just beginning to expand out into their Solar System.
- Starting on a Tip.it Forums on February 27th, 2009, a user by the name of Danqazmlpcreated a thread about the idea of some islands on the interwebz. These islands were eventually named Tipittopia.
- Notable Federation historians include John Gill, who was noted for interpreting history as a series of causes and effects. (TOS: "Patterns of Force" ) History was among numerous school subjects Keiko O'Brien taught in her classroom aboard Deep Space 9. (DS9: "In the Hands of the Prophets")
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