William Boyd Allison (March 2, 1829 — August 4, 1908) was an avid supporter of U. S. railroad interests and also known as an early leader of the Iowa Republican Party, who represented northeastern Iowa for four consecutive terms in the U.S. House before representing his state for six consecutive terms in the U.S. Senate. He died soon after overcoming his principal hurdle to election for a record seventh term in the Senate.