The Hillboys was the nickname given to a loose alliance of local guerrilla units in the Confederate States of America that fought the United States occupation of the Confederacy, with some (e.g. Arizona Brigade of Citizens) starting their campaigns as early as 1913. The Hillboys were distinct from the Sons of the South and Last Defense Regiment in that their membership was mostly exclusively from areas under direct occupation, and unlike the Ku Klux Klan, which also relied upon anonymity, did not have rituals or formal titles and exclusively fought occupying forces and locals thought sympathetic to the American occupiers, as opposed to attacking blacks, Jews and Catholics as well.