The 29th Arkansas Infantry Regiment was organized in Pope County by individual companies during March through June 1862 and organized as the 29th Arkansas Infantry Regiment upon its acceptance into Confederate service on June 6, 1862 under the command of Colonel Joseph C. Pleasants. The unit was occasionally known as the 1st Trans-Mississippi Infantry. The unit was renamed the 37th Arkansas Infantry Regiment during the reorganization of the 1st Corps, Army of the Trans-Mississippi, following the Battle of Prairie Grove.