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| rdfs:comment | - Argentine troops killed more than a thousand Indians and displaced over 15,000 more from their traditional lands. Ethnic European settlers developed the lands for agriculture, turning it into a breadbasket that made Argentina an agricultural superpower in the early 20th century. The Conquest is commemorated on the 100 peso bill in Argentina.
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| Date | |
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| Territory | - Argentine annexation of Patagonia
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| Caption | - Conquest of the Desert, by Juan Manuel Blanes
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| Result | - Decisive Argentine victory
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| combatant | - Mapuches
Supported by
: Chile
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| abstract | - Argentine troops killed more than a thousand Indians and displaced over 15,000 more from their traditional lands. Ethnic European settlers developed the lands for agriculture, turning it into a breadbasket that made Argentina an agricultural superpower in the early 20th century. The Conquest is commemorated on the 100 peso bill in Argentina. The Conquest is highly controversial. Apologists have described the Conquest as bringing civilization, while revisionists have labeled it a genocide. One revisionist, Jens Andermann, has noted that contemporary sources on the campaign indicate that the Conquest was intended by the Argentine government to exterminate the indigenous tribes, an example of genocide. First-hand accounts stated that Argentine troops killed prisoners and committed "mass executions." The 15,000 Indians taken captive "became servants or prisoners and were prevented from having children." Apologists perceive the campaign as intending to conquer specifically those groups of Indians that refused to submit to Argentine law and frequently carried out brutal attacks on frontier civilian settlements. In these attacks, Indians stole many horses and cattle, killed men defending their livestock, and captured women and children to become the slaves or brides of Indian warriors. Some persons have been dismissed from public positions for advocating apologist views: for instance, Juan José Cresto was labeled a "racist" and forced to resign as a director of the Argentine National Historical Museum because he "said the Indians were violent parasites who attacked farms and kidnapped women."[citation needed] A history teacher in Pampa Province was fired for "telling a radio station that Roca deserved praise for putting Indians to flight and opening Argentina's frontier to European settlers." This recent debate between Conquest apologists and revisionists is usually summarized as "Civilization or Genocide?".
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