| rdfs:comment | - The primary sources for both inquiries are the Gospel accounts of the events leading up to the Crucifixion of Jesus, commonly called The Passion. In the Gospel accounts, Jesus is critical of the Pharisees, and causes a disturbance in the Temple, and is eventually arrested and brought before the Sanhedrin. There he is charged and convicted of blasphemy, and they decided to take him to the Roman prefect Pontius Pilate, asking him for Jesus' death. Pilate, after some debate, rejects their religious justifications, but accepts the political ones, see INRI, and sentences Jesus to death by crucifixion.
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| abstract | - The primary sources for both inquiries are the Gospel accounts of the events leading up to the Crucifixion of Jesus, commonly called The Passion. In the Gospel accounts, Jesus is critical of the Pharisees, and causes a disturbance in the Temple, and is eventually arrested and brought before the Sanhedrin. There he is charged and convicted of blasphemy, and they decided to take him to the Roman prefect Pontius Pilate, asking him for Jesus' death. Pilate, after some debate, rejects their religious justifications, but accepts the political ones, see INRI, and sentences Jesus to death by crucifixion. The historical inquiry is aided by other sources from antiquity which explain the cultural and political environment in which Jesus lived. Historical analyses of Jesus' death generally assigned responsibility to either: 1.
* The Roman-appointed government of the Roman province of Iudaea 2.
* The Jewish leadership in Jerusalem at the time. The theological question can be understood in the light of other New Testament writings such as the Letters of Paul. Theological analyses of who is responsible for Jesus' death have included: 1.
* All humanity through their sinfulness, 2.
* Jews in particular through their manipulation of the Roman authorities 3.
* God, for the benefit of people in general, 4.
* God, for the benefit of the Elect in particular. 5.
* The Roman authorities in Judea
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