| rdfs:comment | - Lactic acid (C3H6O3) is the byproduct created by the Human body, formed when the body breaks down glucose to obtain energy, as a result of light muscle strain. The Doctor monitored a gradual build-up of lactic acid in Kathryn Janeway's extensor muscles during her Nechani endurance ritual in 2373. (VOY: "Sacred Ground")
- Lactic acid is an acid. Its molecular formula is 2C3H6O3 and has a molecular mass of 90g/mol. Lactic acid is produced during anaerobic respiration in humans - it builds up in the muscles, leading to cramps.
- Lactic acid is an organic acid produced as a normal part of many metabolic processes in the body. It is an important component of milk. It is continuously produced when the body metabolizes glucose in the absence of oxygen. It is then either recombined with oxygen to form pyruvates to produce energy within a muscle cell, or is released into the bloodstream where it is processed by the liver to produce more glucose. In solution, it an lose a proton and in such form is referred to as lactate. Lactic acid is also the acid that is directly responsible for tooth decay.
- Lactic acid is an organic compound with the formula CH3CH(OH)CO2 H. It is a white, water-soluble solid or liquid that is produced both naturally and synthetically. With a hydroxyl group adjacent to the carboxyl group, lactic acid is classified as an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA). In the form of its conjugate base called lactate, it plays a role in several biochemical processes. Lactic acid is hygroscopic. DL-lactic acid is miscible with water and with ethanol above its melting point which is around 17 or 18 °C. D-lactic acid and L-lactic acid have a higher melting point.
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| abstract | - Lactic acid (C3H6O3) is the byproduct created by the Human body, formed when the body breaks down glucose to obtain energy, as a result of light muscle strain. The Doctor monitored a gradual build-up of lactic acid in Kathryn Janeway's extensor muscles during her Nechani endurance ritual in 2373. (VOY: "Sacred Ground")
- Lactic acid is an organic acid produced as a normal part of many metabolic processes in the body. It is an important component of milk. It is continuously produced when the body metabolizes glucose in the absence of oxygen. It is then either recombined with oxygen to form pyruvates to produce energy within a muscle cell, or is released into the bloodstream where it is processed by the liver to produce more glucose. In solution, it an lose a proton and in such form is referred to as lactate. Lactic acid is also the acid that is directly responsible for tooth decay. It is also an important component of Ringer's solution, a fluid given to trauma and burn victims that is superior in these situations to saline solution.
- Lactic acid is an acid. Its molecular formula is 2C3H6O3 and has a molecular mass of 90g/mol. Lactic acid is produced during anaerobic respiration in humans - it builds up in the muscles, leading to cramps.
- Lactic acid is an organic compound with the formula CH3CH(OH)CO2 H. It is a white, water-soluble solid or liquid that is produced both naturally and synthetically. With a hydroxyl group adjacent to the carboxyl group, lactic acid is classified as an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA). In the form of its conjugate base called lactate, it plays a role in several biochemical processes. In solution, it can ionize a proton from the carboxyl group, producing the lactate ion CH3CH(OH)CO2−. Compared to acetic acid, its pKa is 1 unit less, meaning lactic acid deprotonates ten times more easily than acetic acid does. This higher acidity is the consequence of the intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the α-hydroxyl and the carboxylate group. Lactic acid is chiral, consisting of two optical isomers. One is known as L-(+)-lactic acid or (S)-lactic acid and the other, its mirror image, is D-(−)-lactic acid or (R)-lactic acid. A mixture of the two in equal amounts is called DL-lactic acid. Lactic acid is hygroscopic. DL-lactic acid is miscible with water and with ethanol above its melting point which is around 17 or 18 °C. D-lactic acid and L-lactic acid have a higher melting point. In animals, L-lactate is constantly produced from pyruvate via the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in a process of fermentation during normal metabolism and exercise. It does not increase in concentration until the rate of lactate production exceeds the rate of lactate removal, which is governed by a number of factors, including monocarboxylate transporters, concentration and isoform of LDH, and oxidative capacity of tissues. The concentration of blood lactate is usually 1–2 mmol/L at rest, but can rise to over 20 mmol/L during intense exertion. In industry, lactic acid fermentation is performed by lactic acid bacteria, which convert simple carbohydrates such as glucose, sucrose, or galactose to lactic acid. These bacteria can also grow in the mouth; the acid they produce is responsible for the tooth decay known as caries. In medicine, lactate is one of the main components of lactated Ringer's solution and Hartmann's solution. These intravenous fluids consist of sodium and potassium cations along with lactate and chloride anions in solution with distilled water, generally in concentrations isotonic with human blood. It is most commonly used for fluid resuscitation after blood loss due to trauma, surgery, or burn injury.
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