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| rdfs:comment | - The Natchez Massacre, or the Natchez revolt, was an attack by Natchez people on French colonists near present-day Natchez, Mississippi, on November 29, 1729. The Natchez and French had lived alongside each other for more than a decade prior to the incident, mostly conducting peaceful business and occasionally intermarrying. After a period of deteriorating relations, Natchez leaders were provoked when the French colonial commandant, Sieur de Chépart (or Etcheparre), demanded land from a Natchez village for his own plantation near Fort Rosalie. They plotted their attack over several days and managed to conceal their plans from most of the French; those who overheard and warned Chépart of an attack were considered untruthful and were punished. In a coordinated attack on the fort and the homes
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| Caption | - Fort Rosalie was destroyed in the 1729 massacre and its ruins now lie within Natchez National Historical Park.
- View of the site of Fort Rosalie in December 2006
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| Alt | - A black-and-white drawing of a fort and various small buildings on a bluff surrounded by trees above a river
- A photo of a green lawn with a single naked tree, and a lake in the background
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| Image | - Fort_Rosalie_site.jpg
- View of the Fort of the Natchez.jpg
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| abstract | - The Natchez Massacre, or the Natchez revolt, was an attack by Natchez people on French colonists near present-day Natchez, Mississippi, on November 29, 1729. The Natchez and French had lived alongside each other for more than a decade prior to the incident, mostly conducting peaceful business and occasionally intermarrying. After a period of deteriorating relations, Natchez leaders were provoked when the French colonial commandant, Sieur de Chépart (or Etcheparre), demanded land from a Natchez village for his own plantation near Fort Rosalie. They plotted their attack over several days and managed to conceal their plans from most of the French; those who overheard and warned Chépart of an attack were considered untruthful and were punished. In a coordinated attack on the fort and the homesteads, the Natchez killed almost all of the Frenchmen, only sparing most of the women and African slaves. The fort and homes were burned to the ground. When the French heard the news of the massacre they feared a general Indian uprising and were concerned that the Natchez might have conspired with other tribes. They first responded by ordering a massacre on the Chaouacha people, who had no relation to the Natchez revolt, wiping out their entire village. They then retaliated against the Natchez villages capturing Natchez leaders and selling them into slavery, although most of the Indians managed to escape to the north and take refuge among the Chickasaw people. The Natchez waged low-intensity warfare against the French over the next years, but retaliatory expeditions on Natchez refugees among the Chickasaw in 1730 and 1731 forced them to move on and live as refugees among the Creek and Cherokee tribes. By 1736 the Natchez had ceased to exist as an independent people. The attack on Fort Rosalie destroyed some of the Louisiana colony's most productive farms and endangered shipments of food and trade goods on the Mississippi River. As a result, the French state returned control of Louisiana from the French West India Company to the crown in 1731, essentially marking the end of French ambitions to colonize the lower Mississippi Valley. Louisiana governor Étienne Périer was held responsible for the massacre and its aftermath, and he was recalled to France in 1732.
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