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| rdfs:comment | - General Jacob Hurd Smith (January 29, 1840 – March 1, 1918) was a United States Army officer best known for ordering an indiscriminate retaliatory attack on a group of Filipinos during Philippine–American War after more than forty American soldiers were defeated in a surprise attack on the Island of Samar. His orders included, "kill everyone over the age of ten" and make the island "a howling wilderness." Court-martialed for the incident, he was dubbed "Hell Roaring Jake" Smith, "The Monster", and "Howling Jake" by the anti-imperialist press as a result.
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| Caption | - Smith in Tacloban, Philippines, 1901
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| Reference | - Benevolent Assimilation: The American Conquest of the Philippines, 1899-1903, Stuart Creighton Miller, .
- Before the "Howling Wilderness": The Military Career of Jacob Hurd Smith, 1862–1902 David L. Fritz Military Affairs Vol. 43, No. 4 , pp. 187;
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| abstract | - General Jacob Hurd Smith (January 29, 1840 – March 1, 1918) was a United States Army officer best known for ordering an indiscriminate retaliatory attack on a group of Filipinos during Philippine–American War after more than forty American soldiers were defeated in a surprise attack on the Island of Samar. His orders included, "kill everyone over the age of ten" and make the island "a howling wilderness." Court-martialed for the incident, he was dubbed "Hell Roaring Jake" Smith, "The Monster", and "Howling Jake" by the anti-imperialist press as a result.
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