| rdfs:comment | - The treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a peace treaty sign on March 3, 1918 ending Russia’s involvement in War World I. It was sign in Brest-Litosk ( now Brest, in Belarus ). Peace negotiations began December 22, 1917. Richard Von Kühlman represented Germany, Austria-Hungary had Ottokar Czernin , Ottoman Empire had Talat Pasha, and Russia had Leon Trotsky. After nine weeks they still didn't have a peace treaty, so, Germany continued it's invasion of Russia. Finally, Leon Trotsky accepted the German terms and Russia had to give up Poland, Baltic States, and Finland, which would become independent.
- The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a peace treaty on March 3, 1918, between the new Bolshevik government of Russia (the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic) and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and Turkey), which ended Russia's participation in World War I. The treaty was signed at Brest-Litovsk (now Brest, Belarus) after two months of negotiations. The treaty was forced on the Soviet government by the threat of further advances by German and Austrian forces. By the treaty, Soviet Russia defaulted on Imperial Russia's commitments to the Triple Entente alliance.
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| abstract | - The treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a peace treaty sign on March 3, 1918 ending Russia’s involvement in War World I. It was sign in Brest-Litosk ( now Brest, in Belarus ). Peace negotiations began December 22, 1917. Richard Von Kühlman represented Germany, Austria-Hungary had Ottokar Czernin , Ottoman Empire had Talat Pasha, and Russia had Leon Trotsky. After nine weeks they still didn't have a peace treaty, so, Germany continued it's invasion of Russia. Finally, Leon Trotsky accepted the German terms and Russia had to give up Poland, Baltic States, and Finland, which would become independent.
- The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a peace treaty on March 3, 1918, between the new Bolshevik government of Russia (the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic) and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and Turkey), which ended Russia's participation in World War I. The treaty was signed at Brest-Litovsk (now Brest, Belarus) after two months of negotiations. The treaty was forced on the Soviet government by the threat of further advances by German and Austrian forces. By the treaty, Soviet Russia defaulted on Imperial Russia's commitments to the Triple Entente alliance. Russia ceded Baltic States to Germany, recognized the independence of Ukraine, and agreed to pay six billion German gold mark in reparations. Historian Spencer Tucker says, "The German General Staff had formulated extraordinarily harsh terms that shocked even the German negotiator." Russian-Poland was not mentioned in the treaty, as Germans refused to recognize existence of any Polish representatives, which in turn led to Polish protests. When Germany later complained that the Treaty of Versailles of 1919 was too harsh on them, the Allies (and historians favorable to the Allies) responded that it was more benign than Brest-Litovsk. The effects of the treaty meant that Baltic states would become nothing more than vassal German princedoms, Poland and Finland satellite states. The treaty was practically obsolete in November 1918, when Germany in effect surrendered to the Allies. However it did provide some relief to the Bolsheviks, already fighting the Russian Civil War, by renouncing Russia's claims on Poland, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Belarus, Ukraine, and Lithuania.
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