| Property | Value |
|---|
| rdf:type | |
| rdfs:label | |
| rdfs:comment | - The Hawker Hurricane was one of the most common British aircraft early in World War II, and one of the most effective throughout the war. It was made famous by its role in the Battle of Britain where it primarily fought German bombers (mainly Ju 88 and He 111) while Spitfire fighters engaged German escort fighters. (mainly Bf 109s and Me 110) The Hurricane was produced between 1937 and 1944 and 14,533 were built. Later in the war the Hurricane was used as a Fighter-bomber before it was eventually retired.
- The Hawker Hurricane was a contemporary of the Supermarine Spitfire.
- The Hawker Hurricane came to be regarded as one of the most rugged and reliable fighter aircraft in RAF service, and it was undoubtedly its defensive role during the Battle of Britain in 1940 that forged its distinct niche in aviation history.Designed by Sidney Cam, the Hurricane prototype was powered by a Rolls Royce P.C. 12 engine, later named Merlin, and made its first flight on November 6th 1935.Following handling trials, a production order of 600 aircraft was place, the first of these entering service with 111 squadron at Northolt in December 1937. At the outbreak of World War II, the RAF possessed 19 Hurricane squadrons and the type saw action in France and Norway. During the Battle of Britain in 1940, the average strength of Fighter Command was 1,326 Hurricanes compared with 957 Spi
- Originally designed by Sidney Camm as the Fury Monoplane, with Rolls Royce Goshawk engine and spatted undercarriage, the Hurricane was altered on the drawing board to have a Merlin engine, inwardly retracting undercarriage and the unprecedented armament of eight machine guns, which led to the Air Ministry writing Specification F.36/34 around the aircraft. A two seat training version was proposed in 1939. A number of Hurricanes were converted into two seat trainers by the Soviet Union between 1942 and 1944, but Hawker did not produce any two seat Hurricanes until 1946.
- The Hawker Hurricane is a British single-seat fighter aircraft that was designed and predominantly built by Hawker Aircraft Ltd for the Royal Air Force (RAF). Although largely overshadowed by the Supermarine Spitfire, the aircraft became renowned during the Battle of Britain, accounting for 60% of the RAF's air victories in the battle, and served in all the major theatres of the Second World War.
- The Hurricane was the primary fighter of the RAF when the war in Europe broke out. In the first year of the war, it was one of the few fighters that could stand up to the Me-109 and helped keep the Germans from gaining complete air superiority. During the Allied counter attack outside Paris, the Hurricane was used in CAS rolls with great success.
|
| owl:sameAs | |
| Length | |
| fullweight | |
| dcterms:subject | |
| dbkwik:military/property/wikiPageUsesTemplate | |
| dbkwik:turtledove/property/wikiPageUsesTemplate | |
| dbkwik:world-war-2/property/wikiPageUsesTemplate | |
| max takeoff weight alt | |
| loaded weight main | |
| Range | |
| max speed more | - at 21,000 ft ref|320 mph (514 km/h) at 19,700 ft (6,000 m) with two bombs|group=N
|
| Reason | - It would be nice to know how many fighters versus fighter-bombers versus other variants. It is not provided in variants section either.
|
| Guns | |
| climb rate main | |
| number of props | |
| length alt | |
| Date | |
| span main | |
| emptyweight | |
| Speed | |
| power/mass alt | |
| Produced | |
| Affiliation | |
| height alt | |
| Introduced | |
| Name | |
| primary user | |
| Type | |
| type of prop | |
| loading main | |
| range alt | |
| Align | |
| Caption | - The Hawker Hurricane is the first plane you can use on the allied missions
|
| Fuel | |
| length main | |
| power alt | |
| dbkwik:airfixdogfighter/property/wikiPageUsesTemplate | |
| Width | |
| area main | |
| power main | |
| bombs | |
| height main | |
| Wingspan | |
| span alt | |
| range main | |
| Information | - --11-06
- The Hawker Hurricane came to be regarded as one of the most rugged and reliable fighter aircraft in RAF service, and it was undoubtedly its defensive role during the Battle of Britain in 1940 that forged its distinct niche in aviation history.
- Following handling trials, a production order of 600 aircraft was place, the first of these entering service with 111 squadron at Northolt in December 1937.
- At the outbreak of World War II, the RAF possessed 19 Hurricane squadrons and the type saw action in France and Norway. During the Battle of Britain in 1940, the average strength of Fighter Command was 1,326 Hurricanes compared with 957 Spitfires. The Hurricane MK I was powered by a 12 cylinder 1,030 hp Rolls Royce Merlin III engine giving a maximum speed of 324 mph at 15,650 ft and a range of 505 miles . Armament included 8 .303 inch Browning machine guns in wings.
|
| Height | |
| Manufacturer | |
| max speed main | |
| engine (prop) | |
| power/mass main | |
| climb rate alt | |
| Armour | |
| ceiling main | |
| empty weight main | |
| Plane | |
| power more | |
| loaded weight alt | |
| dbkwik:fighteraircraft/property/wikiPageUsesTemplate | |
| area alt | |
| First Flight | |
| max speed alt | |
| jet or prop? | |
| Plane Image | - Image:Hawker_Hurricane.jpg
|
| loading alt | |
| empty weight alt | |
| Engine | - Rolls Royce Merlin III 12-cylinder liquid-cooled engine
|
| plane or copter? | |
| ceiling alt | |
| max takeoff weight main | |
| Source | - (Wing Commander P.B. "Laddie" Lucas D.S.O., D.F.C.)
- (Roland Beamont, a trainee pilot, describing his first flight in a Hurricane.)
|
| Control | |
| Quote | - 88.0
- Then, with tail trimmer set, throttle and mixture lever fully forward... and puffs of grey exhaust smoke soon clearing at maximum r.p.m. came the surprise! There was no sudden surge of acceleration, but with a thunderous roar from the exhausts just ahead on either side of the windscreen, only a steady increase in speed... In retrospect that first Hurricane sortie was a moment of elation, but also of relief. Apart from the new scale of speeds that the pilot had to adapt to, the Hurricane had all the qualities of its stable, secure biplane predecessor the Hart, but enhanced by livelier controls, greater precision and all this performance.
|
| Crew | |
| Armament | - Original: 8 - 12 7.7 mm machine guns
Later: 4 x Hispano Autocannon
Optional: 2 x 250 lb or 1 x 500 lb Bombs, 8 x unguided rockets underwing, or 2 x 40 mm cannons underwing
|
| Number Built | |
| Year | |
| Designer | |
| ref | - Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War II
|
| abstract | - The Hawker Hurricane is a British single-seat fighter aircraft that was designed and predominantly built by Hawker Aircraft Ltd for the Royal Air Force (RAF). Although largely overshadowed by the Supermarine Spitfire, the aircraft became renowned during the Battle of Britain, accounting for 60% of the RAF's air victories in the battle, and served in all the major theatres of the Second World War. The 1930s design evolved through several versions and adaptations, resulting in a series of aircraft which acted as interceptor-fighters, fighter-bombers (also called "Hurribombers"), and ground support aircraft. Further versions known as the Sea Hurricane had modifications which enabled operation from ships. Some were converted as catapult-launched convoy escorts, known as "Hurricats". More than 14,000 Hurricanes were built by the end of 1944 (including at least 800 converted to Sea Hurricanes and some 1,400 built in Canada by Canadian Car and Foundry).
- The Hawker Hurricane was one of the most common British aircraft early in World War II, and one of the most effective throughout the war. It was made famous by its role in the Battle of Britain where it primarily fought German bombers (mainly Ju 88 and He 111) while Spitfire fighters engaged German escort fighters. (mainly Bf 109s and Me 110) The Hurricane was produced between 1937 and 1944 and 14,533 were built. Later in the war the Hurricane was used as a Fighter-bomber before it was eventually retired.
- The Hawker Hurricane came to be regarded as one of the most rugged and reliable fighter aircraft in RAF service, and it was undoubtedly its defensive role during the Battle of Britain in 1940 that forged its distinct niche in aviation history.Designed by Sidney Cam, the Hurricane prototype was powered by a Rolls Royce P.C. 12 engine, later named Merlin, and made its first flight on November 6th 1935.Following handling trials, a production order of 600 aircraft was place, the first of these entering service with 111 squadron at Northolt in December 1937. At the outbreak of World War II, the RAF possessed 19 Hurricane squadrons and the type saw action in France and Norway. During the Battle of Britain in 1940, the average strength of Fighter Command was 1,326 Hurricanes compared with 957 Spitfires. The Hurricane MK I was powered by a 12 cylinder 1,030 hp Rolls Royce Merlin III engine giving a maximum speed of 324 mph (521 km/h) at 15,650 ft (4,770 m) and a range of 505 miles (813 km). Armament included 8 .303 inch Browning machine guns in wings.
- Originally designed by Sidney Camm as the Fury Monoplane, with Rolls Royce Goshawk engine and spatted undercarriage, the Hurricane was altered on the drawing board to have a Merlin engine, inwardly retracting undercarriage and the unprecedented armament of eight machine guns, which led to the Air Ministry writing Specification F.36/34 around the aircraft. Following submission of the detailed design on September 4 1934, and inspection of a full-size mock-up on January 10 1935, the Air Ministry agreed a contract dated February 21 1935 for a single 'high-speed monoplane' envisaged with two Vickers Mk V machine guns in the fuselage and two Browning guns in the wings. On July 20 1935 the armament listed in the contract was changed to eight wing mounted Brownings. The prototype was allocated the serial number K5083, and moved on October 23 1935 from Kingston to Brooklands, making it's first flight in the hands of Hawker's Chief test pilot, P. W. S. Bulman on November 6. In February 1936, the aircraft was transferred to the A&AEE at Martlesham Heath for official trails. The Air Ministry reacted to tests with the prototype by ordering 600 in June 1936, resulting in 497 being in service with 18 squadrons when war was declared in September 1939, increasing to 2,309 with 32 squadrons by 7 August 1940. Gloster's output in 1940 was 130 per month, by which time the Hurricane I was in service with metal wings and three blade variable pitch (later constant speed) propeller. In the hectic days of 1940 the Hurricane was found to be an ideal bomber destroyer, with steady sighting and devastating cone of fire; turn radius was better than that of any other monoplane fighter, but the all round performance of the Bf 109 was considerably higher. A Hurricane Mk I airframe was flown with a 1,300hp two staged supercharged Merlin XX on 11 June 1940, becoming the prototype for the Mk II, with initial Srs I examples - retaining the wings of the Mk I - commencing deliveries in September 1940. These were followed by Srs II aircraft with strengthening for later wings, featuring universal attachment points to allow the carriage of external stores, and an extra fuselage bay. Next came the IIB, with 12 machine guns, and the IIC, with four 20mm Hispano cannon. A specialised variant, the IID, was fitted with a pair of 40mm guns under the wings for anti tank work, retaining a single 0.303in (7.7mm) machine gun in each wing for sighting purposes. The IIE - later Hurricane IV - was a dedicated ground attack version with a universal armament wing permitting carriage of 40mm cannon, bombs or rockets, which first flew on 14 March 1943, with 794 production examples using the 1,620hp Merlin 24 or 27. Early in 1941, the adaptation of the Hurricane for naval use was initiated by the fitting of V Frame arrestor hooks and catapult spools for trials, with some 300 Hurricanes assigned for conversion. The first 50, known as Sea Hurricane IAs, only received catapult spools for launching from CAM Ships, with the rest being fitted with spools and hooks as Sea Hurricane IBs. In early 1942 these were joined by Sea Hurricane ICs - basically navalised late model Hurricane Is fitted with Hurricane IIC outer wing panels carrying 20mm Hispano cannon. They were followed in late 1942 by the Sea Hurricane IIC conversion of the Hurricane IIC. 600 examples of various marks were in FAA inventory by mid 1942, but the type had been superseded in most FAA squadrons by the end of 1943, with the last FAA Sea Hurricane unit disembarking in April 1944. A two seat training version was proposed in 1939. A number of Hurricanes were converted into two seat trainers by the Soviet Union between 1942 and 1944, but Hawker did not produce any two seat Hurricanes until 1946. Operated by No 1697 (Air Despatch Letter Service) Flight between 27 March 1944 and 7 March 1945, a number of Hurricane Mk IIc aircraft were modified for the transportation of mail. As well as a specially modified external fuel tank under one wing, balanced by one loaded with fuel under the other wing, the ADLS Hurricanes were fitted with an 11 cubic foot container behind the pilot's seat.
- The Hawker Hurricane was a contemporary of the Supermarine Spitfire.
- The Hurricane was the primary fighter of the RAF when the war in Europe broke out. In the first year of the war, it was one of the few fighters that could stand up to the Me-109 and helped keep the Germans from gaining complete air superiority. During the Allied counter attack outside Paris, the Hurricane was used in CAS rolls with great success. Through the war, the Hurricane was a real work horse, seeing combat in nearly every theatre of war, from France, to England, Norway, Russia and North Africa. In-spite of its abilities mid 1942, the Spitfire began to replace the Hurricane as the RAF's prime fighter.
|
| is aircraft fighter of | |
| is aircraft interceptor of | |
| is Type of | |
| is Equipment of | |
